Neutralisation reactions Flashcards

1
Q

What is the definition for a neutralisation reaction?

A

Neutralisation is the reaction of an acid with a base producing water as one of the products.

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2
Q

What happens when the hydrogen ion of the acid react with hydroxide ions in a neutralisation reaction?

A

The hydrogen ions of the acid react with hydroxide ions to form water.

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3
Q

When the hydrogen ion of the acid is replaced by the positive ion of the base what does it form in a neutralisation reaction?

A

The hydrogen ion of the acid is replaced by the positive ion of the base to form a salt.

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4
Q

What is a base?

A

Bases are substances that can neutralise acids. Metal oxides, metal hydroxides, metal carbonates and ammonia are called bases.

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5
Q

What salt forms hydrochloric acid?

A

Chlorides form from hydrochloric acid.

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6
Q

What salt forms from nitric acid?

A

Nitrates form from nitric acid.

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7
Q

What salts from from sulfuric acid?

A

Sulfates from sulfuric acid.

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8
Q

What are the products for the key reaction of neutralisation with the reactants: a metal oxide + an acid ?

A

a metal oxide + an acid -> a salt + water

e.g. Magnesium oxide + hydrochloric acid->magnesium chloride + water.

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9
Q

What are the products for the key reaction of neutralisation with the reactants: a metal hydroxide + an acid ?

A

A metal hydroxide + an acid -> a salt + water.

e.g. potassium hydroxide + nitric acid -> potassium nitrate + water

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10
Q

What are the products for the key reaction of neutralisation with the reactants: a metal carbonate + an acid ?

A

A metal carbonate + an acid -> a salt + water + carbon dioxide.

e.g. Sodium carbonate + sulfuric acid -> sodium sulfate + water + carbon dioxide.

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11
Q

What happens when an acid is neutralised by an alkali?

A

When an acid is neutralised by an alkali, the H+ ions of the acid are neutralised by the OH- ions to form water.

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