neurotransmitters + pharm

Question 1

acetylcholine site of snythesis

Answer 1

nucleus basalis of Meynert

Question 2

Where and with what enzyme is acetylcholine formed?

Answer 2

Formed in the nerve terminal using choline acetyltransferase.

Question 3

ACh in Alzheimers?

Answer 3

Decreased ACh in Alzheimers

Question 4

Molecule dopamine is synthesized from

Answer 4

tyrosine

Question 5

fluoxetine

Answer 5

SSRI

Question 6

paroxetine

Answer 6

SSRI

Question 7

sertraline

Answer 7

SSRI

Question 8

citalopram

Answer 8

SSRI

Question 9

venlafaxine

Answer 9

SNRI

Question 10

duloxatine

Answer 10

SNRI

Question 11

amitriptyline

Answer 11

TCA

Question 12

nortrytriptyline

Answer 12

TCA

Question 13

imipramine

Answer 13

TCA

Question 14

desipramine

Answer 14

TCA

Question 15

clomipramine

Answer 15

TCA

Question 16

amoxapine

Answer 16

TCA

Question 17

doxepin

Answer 17

TCA

Question 18

amoxapine

Answer 18

TCA

Question 19

tranylcypromine

Answer 19

MAOI

Question 20

phenelzine

Answer 20

MAOI

Question 21

isocarboxazid

Answer 21

MAOI

Question 22

selegiline

Answer 22

MAOI

Question 23

bupropion

Answer 23

atypical - increases NE and dopamine via unknown mechanism

Question 24

mirtazapine

Answer 24

atypical - alpha-2 antagonist (increased release of NE and 5-HT) and potent 5-ht2 receptor antagonist

Question 25

trazodone

Answer 25

atypical - blocks 5HT2 and alpha-1 adrenergic receptors

Question 26

bromocriptine

Answer 26

ergot, dopamine agonist

Question 27

pramipexole

Answer 27

dopamine agonist non-ergot

Question 28

ropinirole

Answer 28

dopamine agonist (non-ergot)

Question 29

amantadine MOA

Answer 29

increases dopamine and may increase dopamine release, also used as an antiviral against influenza A

Question 30

amantadine toxicity

Answer 30

ataxia

Question 31

ataxia is toxicity of what parkinsons drug

Answer 31

amantadine

Question 32

selegiline

Answer 32

selectively inhibits MOA-B which preferentially metabolizes dopamine over NE and serotonin (5 HT) (increases bioavailability of dopamine)
(prevents dopamine breakdown)

Question 33

clinical use of selegiline

Answer 33

adjunctive agent to L-dopa for parkinsons

Question 34

selegiline toxicity

Answer 34

may enhance adverse effects of L-dopa

Question 35

COMT inhibitors

Answer 35

entacapone, tolcapone

Question 36

entacapone, tolcapone

Answer 36

COMT inhibitors
When administered in conjunction with dopaminergic agents such as L-DOPA, entacapone prevents COMT from metabolizing L-DOPA into 3-methoxy-4-hydroxy-L-phenylalanine (3-OMD) in the periphery, which does not easily cross the blood brain barrier (BBB).

Question 37

L-dopa must be co-administered with

Answer 37

carbidopa

Question 38

benztropine MOA

Answer 38

antimuscaranic, curbs excess cholinergic activity

Question 39

benztropine affects what symptoms

Answer 39

imrpoves muscle rigidity and tremor but has little effect on bradykinesia

Question 40

L-dopa MOA

Answer 40

increases amount of dopamine in brain, can cross BBB (unlike dopamine)

Question 41

L-dopa is converted to dopamine using which enzyme?

Answer 41

dopa decarboxylase in the CNS

Question 42

What is carbidopa

Answer 42

dopa decarboxylase in the periphery, used to increase bioavailability of l-dopa and to limit peripheral side effects

Question 43

clinical use of l-dopa and carbidopa?

Answer 43

parkinson’s disease

Question 44

l-dopa/carbidopa toxicity

Answer 44

arrythmias from increased peripheral formation of catecholamines. long-term use can lead to dyskinesia following administration, akinesia between doses

Question 45

name the drug that causes the following toxicity: arrythmias from increased peripheral formation of catecholamines. long-term use can lead to dyskinesia following administration, akinesia between doses

Answer 45

l-dopa/carbidopa