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FINALS - NEURO > neuropathy > Flashcards

neuropathy Flashcards

1
Q

what is radiculopathy

A

compression of spinal nerve roots –> LM signs

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2
Q

what is plexopathy

A

dysfunction at level of plexus

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3
Q

what is brachial neruitis

A

post infection or trauma –> sudden onset shouler pain, numbness + weakness

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4
Q

what is peripheral neruopathy

A

dysfunction of peripheral nerves due to local damage

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5
Q

median nerve roots

A

C5-T1

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6
Q

median nerve motor

A

LOAF muscles: intrinsic hand + thumb

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7
Q

sensory median nerve

A

thumb + 2.5 digits

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8
Q

causes carpal tunnel

A

RA, pregnancy, diabetes

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9
Q

symptoms carpal tunnel

A

sensory less lateral 3.5 digits, thenar wasting (ape hand) + tinels + phalens +ive (flexion of wrist painful)

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10
Q

invx + mx carpal tunnel

A

nerve studies = prolonged AP // 6 week conservative -of steroid injection + splint –> surgery

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11
Q

ulnar nerve roots

A

C8-T1

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12
Q

motor ulnar nerve

A

adductur pollis, interossu, hypothenar muscles, medial lumbricals

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13
Q

sensory ulnar

A

medial 1.5 fingers

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14
Q

symptoms ulnar nerve (cubital tunnel)

A

sensory loss pinky + ring // ulnar claw// wasting of intrinsic hand and hypothenar

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15
Q

radial nerve roots

A

C5-T1

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16
Q

motor radial nerve

A

triceps, brachioradialus, wrist muscles

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17
Q

damage to radial nerve symptoms

A

wrist drop, sensory web loss between thumb and pointer, paralysis of triceps

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18
Q

meralgia paraesthica root damage + nerve

A

L2/3 - lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh

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19
Q

rf meralgia paraesthica

A

obese, pregnant, asietces, trauma, iatrogenic surgery

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20
Q

meralgia paraesthica symptoms

A

SENSORY ONLY - neuropathic pain, numb, muscle ache, worse standing

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21
Q

invx meralgia paraesthica

A

pelic compression (below ASIS) –> pain // USS + anaesthetic injection // nerve conduction studies

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22
Q

causes foot drop

A

peroneal nerve legion!!! (L5 radiculopathy, sciatica) // fibular fractures // crossed leg

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23
Q

nerve foot drop

A

common peroneal

24
Q

symptoms common peroneal lesion

A

foot drop // weak dorsiflexion // weak eversion

25
Q

common drugs that cause peripheral neuropathy (5)

A

amiodarone // isoniazid // vincristine // nitro // metro

26
Q

what is thoracic outflow syndrome (TOS)

A

compression of brachial plexus, subclavian artery or vein at site of thoracic outlet

27
Q

who gets TOS

A

40 // thin people // anatomical anomalies // cervical rib

28
Q

symptoms neurogenic TOS

A

painless hand weakness + wasting // sensory symtpoms // cold hands

29
Q

symptoms vascular TOS

A

vein = painful swelling + veins // artery = painful claudication +/- gangrene or ulcer

30
Q

most common cause TOS

A

vascular

31
Q

invx TOS

A

xray // CT or MRI // angio

32
Q

mx TOS

A

conservative + taping // decompression surgery // botox

33
Q

what can cause bell’s palsy + who hets it

A

idiopathic (maybe HSV) // 20-40 // pregnant women

34
Q

symptoms bells palsy

A

UNILATERAL: LMN –> forehead affected // post-auricular pain // altered taste // dry eyes

35
Q

mx bells

A

oral pred within 72 hours symptoms // eye lubricant

36
Q

when to refer bells palsy + recovery

A

3 weeks no improvement –> ENT // 3-4 month recovery

37
Q

facial nerve function

A

facieal expression, stapedius, ant 2/3 tongue, parasymp to tears + saliva

38
Q

causes bilateral CNVII palsy

A

sarcoid, GBS, lymes, NFT2

39
Q

causes unilateral facial palsy

A

bells, ramsay hunt, acoustic neuroma, parotid tumour, MS, stroke (UMN)

40
Q

UMN vs LMN facial palsy

A

UMN spares forehead // LMN = all facial muscles

41
Q

what is charcot-marie-tooth disease

A

most common hereditary peripheral neuropathy

42
Q

symptoms charcot marie tooth disease

A

LMN signs motor loss, sprained ankles, foot drop, high arch, hammer toes, muscle weakness and atophy, hyporeflexia

43
Q

what is HSMN type 1 and inheritance

A

new term for charcot-marie-tooth // dominant

44
Q

what usually triggers GBS

A

following food poisoning eg campylobacter jejuni

45
Q

which antibodies may be present in GBS patients

A

anti-GM1

46
Q

symptoms GBS

A

early back/leg pain –> ascending weakness of the limbs, reduced reflex –> resp weakness, CN palsy, autonomic dysfunction

47
Q

invx GBS

A

LP: raised proteins + normal WCC // nerve conduction: decreased motor nerve velocity

48
Q

mx GBS

A

IV Ig, plasmpopheresis

49
Q

what is miller fisher syndrome

A

varient of GBS // descending, eyes affected first

50
Q

antibodies miller fisher

A

anti-GQ1b

51
Q

what is Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy

A

variant of GBS with onset years

52
Q

what is neuropathic pain

A

inappropriate response from nervous system dysfunction

53
Q

symptoms neuropathic pain

A

shooting or burning // tingling // allodynia - pain in response to innocuous things eg light touch // hyperalgesia

54
Q

1st line mx neuropathic pain

A

amitryp (TCA) // duloxeteine (SNRI) // gabapentin or pregabalin (GABA analogue)

55
Q

2nd line chronic pain mx

A

opioids, lignocaune, capsaicin, NMDA eg memantine

56
Q

what is complex regional pain

A

chronic condition that causes pain, usually after surgery or minor injury

57
Q

what is central post-stroke pain

A

mild hemiplegia + paraesthesia –> allodynia // chorea movements in affected side

FINALS - NEURO (16 decks)

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