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FINALS - NEURO > neuromuscular > Flashcards

neuromuscular Flashcards

1
Q

EMG findings neuropathy

A

longer AP duration and amplitude

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2
Q

EMG finding myopathy

A

decreased AP duration and amplitude

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3
Q

EMG myasthenia gravis

A

dimished response to repetitive stimulation

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4
Q

EMG LEMS

A

incremental response to repetitive stimulation

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5
Q

which auto-antibodies are formed in myasthenia gravis (MG)

A

antibodies to ACh receptors on muscles (post-synaptic)

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6
Q

who usually gets MG

A

women (30) or men 65

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7
Q

assoc MG

A

thymoma,

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8
Q

symptoms MG

A

weakness worst throughout day // extraocular: diplopia, proximal muscle weakness, dysphagia

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9
Q

first symptoms MG (usually)

A

eyes

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10
Q

imaging tests MG

A

EMG + CT thorax

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11
Q

blood tests MG

A

CK normal // antibodies to AChR // tensolin test - give IV edrophonium to reduce symptoms

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12
Q

mx MG

A

1 = AChE inhibitors eg pyridostigmine // 2 = immunosuppression eg pred, azathioprine, cyclosporine // 3 = thymectomy

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13
Q

mx myasthenic crisis

A

plasmapheresis, IV Ig

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14
Q

what is MG crisis

A

resp muscles not working

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15
Q

auto-antibodies in LEMS

A

against pre-synaptic Ca channels in PNS

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16
Q

assoc with LEMS

A

small cell lung cancer!!!

17
Q

symptoms LEMS

A

proximal muscle weakness which improves with exercise // hyporeflexia // autonomic symptoms // eyes usually spared

18
Q

invx LEMS

A

EMG = incremental response to repetitive stimuli

19
Q

mx LEMS

A

pred +/- azathioprine // 3,4-diaminopyridine // IV Ig

20
Q

what organism causes botulism

A

clostridium botulinum

21
Q

what toxin is releaesed in botulism and what does it do

A

botulinum –> irreversibly blocks release of ACh

22
Q

symptoms botulism

A

flaccid paralysuis, diplopia, ataxia, bulbar palsy

23
Q

mx botulism

A

antitoxin only of early enough - supportive care

24
Q

what drugs can exacerbate MG

A

BB // penicillamine // procainamide // lithium / phenytoin // abx

25
Q

inheritance myotonic dystrophy + types

A

dominant // DM1 = CTG repeat chromosome 19 // DMT = repeat expansion chromosome 3

26
Q

main difference between myotonic dystrophy DM1 and DM2

A

DM1 chromosome 19 + distal weakness // DM2 chromosome 3 + proximal weakness + congenital form not seen

27
Q

what age does myotonic dystrophy present

A

20-30

28
Q

assoc thymoma

A

myasthenia graves // dermatomyositis // SLE // 60-70

29
Q

complications thymoma

A

airway obstruction // cardiac tamponade

FINALS - NEURO (16 decks)

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