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Rosh Review > Neurology > Flashcards

Neurology Flashcards

1
Q

right leg numbess/weakness, motor aphasia, ideomotor apraxia- vascular territory

A

left ACA

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2
Q

left leg numbness and weakness, motor neglect- vascular territory

A

right ACA

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3
Q

right face/arm>leg numbness/weakness, aphasia, left gaze preference-vascular territory

A

left MCA

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4
Q

left face/arm>leg numbness and weakness, left hemispacial neglect, right gaze preference-vascular territory

A

right MCA

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5
Q

4 options for second line treatment of status epilepticus

A
  1. phenytoin (20mg/kg)
  2. valproic acid (20mg/kg)
  3. phenobarbitol (20mg/kg)
  4. keppra (2g-4g)
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6
Q

treatment for high altitude cerebral edema

A

descent, dexamethasone, hyperbarics

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7
Q

delta sign on head CT suggests

A

cerebral venous thrombosis

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8
Q

slow headache with AMS, seizures, neurologic deficits, or papilledema

A

cerebral venous thrombosis

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9
Q

CNVII palsy+ vesicles on on cheek or ear

A

ramsay hunt

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10
Q

ice test in MG

A

symptoms should improve

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11
Q

autoimmune distruction of ACH receptors

A

myasthenia gravis

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12
Q

treatment for MG

A

acethylcholinesterase inhibitor such as pryridostigmine

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13
Q

IIH opening pressure

A

> 20 in non-obese

>25 in obese

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14
Q

what distinguishes mononeuropathy caused by aneurysm vs diabetes

A

diabetes- pupillary response intact (parasympathetic fibers are perfused by other vessels so this stays intact and they are on the outside so they end up getting compressed by tumors)

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15
Q

descending flaccid paralysis, dysarthria, dysphagia, diplopia

A

botulism

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16
Q

diplopia in lateral gave

A

CNVI palsy

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17
Q

ataxia, lateralizing dysmetria

A

cerebellar cause of central vertigo

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18
Q

dysarthria, dysphasia, diplopia, Horner syndrome, blindness

A

brainstem cause of central vertigo

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19
Q

oxcarbazepine can cause what electrolyte abnormality

A

hyponatremia

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20
Q

migraine medications that are contraindicated in patients iwth HTN

A

DHE, triptans

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21
Q

major risk of edrophonium test

A

bradycardia

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22
Q

medication to give in SAH

A

nimodipine

23
Q

what receptor does sumatriptan target

A

5-HT3

24
Q

role of temperature in myasthenia gravis

A

symptoms improve with cooling

25
Q

mechanism of MG

A

antibodies against ACh receptors causing decreased response to ACh

26
Q

treatment for MG

A

acetylcholinesterase inhibitors- pyridostigmine

27
Q

most common shunt malfunction

A

shunt obstruction

28
Q

when is the NIHSS scale a contraindication to tpa

A

when it is >20 in the 3-4.5 hour window due to increased risk for hemorrhagic conversion

29
Q

how to do a weber test

A

tuning fork midline on the skull

30
Q

weber test- how to interpret findings

A

normal-> no lateralization
Unilateral conductive-> lateralizes to affected side (imagine that the ear is blocked off to all external sounds)
Unilateral sensorineural-> lateralizes to normal or better hearing side

31
Q

how to do rinne test

A

tuning fork on mastoid process and then in air

32
Q

what is a normal rinne test

A

air> bone conduction

33
Q

how to interpret findings of rinne test

A

normal/sensorineural- air >bone

conductive hearing loss-> bone >air

34
Q

sudden onset sensorineural hearing loss should have what test

A

MRI

35
Q

MCC sensorineural hearing loss

A

viral/inflammatory hearing loss (also drugs, normal agin)

36
Q

3 MCC of conductive hearing loss

A

cerumen impaction> OM, serous otitis

37
Q

what score is used to predict 2-day risk of stroke after TIA

A

ABCD2 score

38
Q

grading scale for SAH

A

hunt and hess- grade 1 is mild severity-> grade 5 is high mortality

39
Q

sensitivity of kerning/brudzisnki sign

A

both are around 5%

40
Q

mnemonic for brudzinski/kernig

A

Brudzisnki- Bend the brain, kernig- extend knees

41
Q

EMG finding in guillan barre

A

acute denervation of the muscle

42
Q

what nerve innervates the lateral rectus muscle

A

CNVI

43
Q

describe what eye looks like with CNIII palsy

A

eye that is deviated down and out, ptosis, dilated pupil

44
Q

describe eye movements of CNIV palsy

A

innervates the superior oblique muscle and causes rotational diplopia that worsens when looking down and towards the nose

45
Q

strabismus on exam should make you concerned for

A

CNVI (abducens nerve) palsy

46
Q

horner syndrome + facial numbness+ ipsilateral bulbar signs

A

lateral medullary infarction

47
Q

medication that can cause gingival hyperplasia and hirsutism

A

phenytoin

48
Q

Compare/contrast ACA vs MCA stroke

A

ACA- contralateral lower extremity weakness, abulia, slow speech
MCA- arm and leg weakness.

49
Q

Horizontal diplopia is caused by what CN dysfunction in IIH

A

CNVI

50
Q

treatment for GBS

A

IVIG or plasmapharesis (either way, both are equally effective)

51
Q

uththoff phenomenon

A

worsening of vision with increased body temperature

52
Q

rapid progression of hemiplegia, nausea, vomiting and headache over 30 minutes, which is quickly followed by ipsilateral deviation of the eyes, stupor, coma and mydriatic pupils- where is the bleed

A

Putamen

53
Q

infectious cause of multiple subcortical lesions in the basal ganglia

A

toxoplasmosis

54
Q

CD4 count that puts you at risk for cerebral toxoplasmosis

A

<100

Rosh Review (17 decks)

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