Neurology

Question 0

Central cord syndrome

Answer 0

• burning pain and paralysis in the upper extremity with sparing of LE
• old ppl secondary to forced hyper extension injury of the neck

Question 1

Anterior Cord Syndrome

Answer 1

• associated with burst frx of vertebrae
• paraplegia bilat. below level of lesion
• loss of P&T bilat. below lesion

Question 2

Brown Sequard Syndrome

Answer 2

• acute cord hemisection
• ipsilateral UMN signs (xsection of CS tract; already decussated)
• ipsilateral loss of sensation, vibration, proprioception below lesion (xsection of dorsal columns; decussates in brain stem)
• contralateral loss of P&T below lesion (fibers enter dorsally, ascend, decussate, then enter anterolateral tract)
• higher level involvement can interrupt C3-5 (resp. dysfunction) and sympathetics (above T1) leading to Horners

Question 3

Cauda Equina Syndrome

Answer 3

• interruption of cauda Equina roots

- paraplegia, variable sensory loss, fecal and urinary incontinence

Question 4

Acute Disk Prolapse

Answer 4

• radicular pain

- + straight leg raise test