Neurological Emergencies Flashcards
The _____ surfaces of the skull forms a smooth inner wall.
Superior
The _______ skull contains many ridges and folds with sharp edges.
Basilar
GCS 13 - 15 is a _______ injury
Minor
GCS 9 - 12 is a _______ injury.
Moderate
GCS <8 is a ______ injury.
Severe
_______ give information about integrity of spinal nerves.
Deep Tendon Reflexes
_____ meningitis is the most common type of meningitis.
Viral
Severe Stiffness of the hamstring causes an inability to straighten the leg when the hip is flexed to 90 degrees.
Kernig’s Sign
The appearance of involuntary lifting of the legs when lifting a Patient’s head.
Brudzinski’s Sign
Normal Range: Mean Arterial Pressure
70 - 110 mmHg
Normal Range: Intracranial Pressure
0 - 15 cmH2O
Normal Range: Cerebral Perfusion Pressure
70 - 90 mmHg
Cerebral Perfusion Pressure must not fall below _____ mmHg.
70
Cerebral Perfusion Pressure Formula
MAP - ICP
ICP Transducer is placed at the level of the _____________.
Foramen of Monro
A ______ fracture is a single fracture line.
Linear
A ________ fracture occurs along the suture line, causing a widening or separation.
Diastatic
A _______ skull fracture is direct trauma to the skull.
Depressed
A Depressed Skull Fracture can lead to a _______ if any of the sinus cavities are fractured.
Pneumocephalus
A ________ Skull Fracture often results from a blow to temporal, parietal or occipital regions.
Basilar
Blood migrating to mastoid region cases _____, while migrating blood to peri orbital area referred to as raccoon eyes.
Battle Sign
A _________ fracture is horizontal across the maxilla. Maxilla and maxillary teeth are moveable.
Le Forte 1
In a ______ fracture, the bridge of the nose around the mouth, usually from a downward blow to the nose.
Le Forte 2
A ______ fracture is known as a transverse fracture aka “craniofacial disassociation”
Le Forte 3
A ________ hematoma is six times more common than epidural with a higher mortality.
subdural
Types of Subdural Hematomas
Acute (Within 24 hours)
Subacute (2 days and 2 weeks of injury)
Chronic (2 weeks after injury)
Epidural Hematomas are _______ in nature.
arterial
Epidural Hematomas are described as _________ in shape.
lenticular
_______ hemorrhages show a starfish pattern on CT.
sub Arachnoid
“Worst Headache of my life” is common in _________.
Sub Arachnoid Hemorrhage
Hypertension, Bradycardia and Respiratory Changes are the signs of _________.
Cushings Triad
________ is motor paralysis below the level of insult with loss of pain and temperature sensation with preservation of proprioception.
Anterior Cord Syndrome
A ________ presents with greater loss of function in the upper extremities than in the lower extremities, with variable loss of sensation to pain and temperature.
Central Cord Injury
A __________ presents with motor loss, loss of sensation to touch, proprioception, and vibration on SAME side, and loss of sensation of pain and temperature on the opposite side.
Brown Sequard Lesion
_________ typically subsides within 24 - 72 hours.
Spinal Shock
_________ is a condition where a patient has extremely elevated blood pressure with no signs of symptoms of end organ damage
hypertensive urgency
For stroke management, elevate the head of the Patient _______ %.
30
________ is one continuous, unremitting seizure lasting longer than 5 minutes, or recurrent seizures without regaining consciousness between seizures for greater than 30 minutes.
Status Epilepticus
