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Neurological Assessment Flashcards

1
Q

Dysphasia

A

impaired speech

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2
Q

DysphaGia

A

cant swallow

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3
Q

5 things tested for in neuro

A
  1. Mental Staus
  2. Cranial Nerves
  3. Motor and cerebellar
  4. sensory
  5. reflexes
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4
Q

Aphasia

A

impairment of producing or understanding language

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5
Q

What does GCS test for?

A

eyes open
Best verbal response
best motor response

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6
Q

Highest GCS Score

A

15 ( lower the score the worse their neuro function is)

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7
Q

PErRLA

A

pupils equal round and responsive to light and accommodation

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8
Q

Eye opening catergories

A

spontaneous
to sound
to pressure
none

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9
Q

Verbal response catergories

A

orientated
confused
words
sounds
none

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10
Q

Motor response catergories

A

obey commands
localising
normal flexion
abnormal flexion
extension
none

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11
Q

13-15 on GCS

A

Mild

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12
Q

9-12 on GCS

A

Moderate

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13
Q

3-8 on GCS

A

severe

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14
Q

GCS score < 8

A

comatose

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15
Q

GCS Score 3

A

unresponsive

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16
Q

Decorticate

A

arms brought to core/ chest

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17
Q

Decerebrate

A

extension of limbs

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18
Q

Mini mental state exam

A

ask patient to restate 3 words you told them earlier

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19
Q

Cranial nerve 1

A

Olfactory; tests for smell; sensory

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20
Q

Cranial Nerve 2

A

Optic; fundoycopic exam, visual acuity, confrontation test, snellen chart; sensory

21
Q

Cranial Nerve 3,4 and 6

A

Oculomotor, trochlear, adbucens; eyelid elevation, cardinals fields of gaze, pupil reactions; tests motor

22
Q

Cranial Nerve 5

A

Trigeminal: Motor- temporal and masseter muscle strength; Sensory- use sharp/dull test on forehead and cheeks and corneal reflex; motor and sensory

23
Q

Cranial Nerve 7

A

Facial; observe for facial drooping or asymmetry; have patient- frown, raise eyebrows, wrinkle forehead, close both eyes to resistance, smile, puff out cheeks; mostly motor, some sensory

24
Q

Cranial Nerve 8

A

Acoustic (vestibular); hearing and balance; romberg test, cover uncover test for nystagmus, weber and rinne test; sensory

25
Q

Cranial Nerve 9 & 10

A

Glossopharyngeal and vagus; say “ah”; look for movement of soft palate and pharynx; inspect uvula; gag reflex; say “k,q,ch,b,d”; sensory and motor function

26
Q

Cranial Nerve 11

A

spinal accessory; trapezius muscle, shrug and move shoulders against resistance; motor function

27
Q

Cranial Nerve 12

A

hypoglossal; say “la la la”; protrude tongue and move side to side; motor

28
Q

Cerebellar function

29
Q

Romberg test

A

stand with eyes closed; feet together and stand straight. Abnormal is they sway

30
Q

Cerebellar Ataxia

A

wide-based, staggering, unsteady gait; cerebellar disease or intoxication

31
Q

Parkinsonian Gait

A

shuffling gait, stooped posture with flexed hips and knees; parkinson disease

32
Q

Spastic Hemiparesis

A

flexed arm held close to body while leg is dragged; stroke

33
Q

Finger to nose test

A

tests coordination

34
Q

Rapid alternating movements

A

flipping hands over; tests coordination

35
Q

Heel to shin test

A

run heel down opposite shin; tests coordination

36
Q

Vibration sense

A

use tuning fork and put on bony prominence and they should feel vibration index fingers & big toes bony prominence

37
Q

Stereognosis

A

tests sensory; placing a common object in their hand

38
Q

Graphesthesia

A

draw a number on hand and have them guess what it is

39
Q

Deep Reflex Grade 0

A

absent- have someone double check

40
Q

Deep Reflex Grade 1

A

present, but diminished

41
Q

Deep Reflex Grade 2

42
Q

Deep Reflex Grade 3

A

mildly increased but not pathologic

43
Q

Deep Reflex Grade 4

A

markedly hyperactive

44
Q

Plantar Reflex

A

normal: feet curls up
abnormal; brudzinski; toes spread out

45
Q

Nuchal Rigidity

A

stiff neck; patient resists bending head to chest

46
Q

Kernigs sign

A

pain when attempting to extend a flexed knee, patient needs to be laying down

47
Q

Brudzinki’s sign

A

flexion of kids when neck is flexed

48
Q

Hypoactive Reflexes

A

Hypothyroidism, sedation, increased intracranial pressure, hypocalcemia, hypermagnesemia

49
Q

Hyperactive Reflexes

A

Hyperthyroidism, hypercalcemia, hypomagnesemia

Health Assessment (10 decks)

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