Neurologic Impairments Flashcards
Decerebrate rigidity
UE/LE in spastic extension, adduction, and IR
Decorticate rigidity
UE in spastic flexion, LE in spastic extended position
Score below 8 on Glasgow Coma Scale
severe brain injury
Score between 9-12 on Glasgow Coma Scale
moderate brain injury
Score above 14 on Glasgow Coma Scale
mild brain injury
3 areas assessed by Glasgow Coma Scale
motor, verbal, and eye opening responses
Ranchos Los Amigos: Level 1
No response
Ranchos Los Amigos: Level 2
Generalized response (inconsistent and non purposeful)
Ranchos Los Amigos: Level 3
Localized response (responds specifically to stimuli inconsistently)
Ranchos Los Amigos: Level 4
Confused/agitated
Ranchos Los Amigos: Level 5
Confused/inappropriate
Ranchos Los Amigos: Level 6
Confused/appropriate
Ranchos Los Amigos: Level 7
Automatic/appropriate
Antispasticity splint positioning
hand and wrist in a functional position with finger abduction
Techniques for treating apraxia
hand over hand guidance OR compensation by following steps written or pictures on a card
Bed mobility training progression
Scooting up and down in bed, rolling, bridging, and then to/from supine and SSP or standing
In what level of SCI can a patient breathe with the diaphragm and does not need the use of a ventilator?
C5
What level SCI can a patient perform elbow flexion?
C5
What level SCI can tenodesis grasp be utilized?
C6
What level SCI are triceps innervated (e.g., can perform elbow extension)?
C7
What level SCI involves partial finger movement?
C8
Starting at what level SCI can a patient have full UE ROM and strength?
Starting at T1
What level SCI can a patient be independent with transfers?
C7 (triceps innervated; depression transfers)
At what level SCI can a patient drive with hand controls?
C6
ASIA A indicates …
complete motor and sensory loss below level of lesion
ASIA B indicates…
incomplete; motor loss with preservation of sensation
ASIA C indicates…
incomplete; motor and sensation preserved
Orthostatic hypotension
LOW BP, lightheaded/dizziness, position patient in a supine and elevate feet above the heart
Autonomic dysreflexia
HIGH BP, medical emergency, may be caused by noxious stimuli (check catheter, remove tight clothing), keep patient upright
When should weight shifting occur?
Every 30-60 mins
Mobile arm supports are useful to support the weight of arm during functional tasks at what level of SCI?
C5
Tenodesis splint is used for what level of injury?
C6
Broca’s aphasia
Expressive aphasia (difficulty finding words)
Wernicke’s aphasia
Receptive aphasia (impaired auditory reception)
Motor apraxia
difficulty completing planned movements
Visual agnosia
difficulty recognizing objects/faces
At what SCI level can a person perform skin checks independently with adaptive equipment (e.g,., long-handled mirror)?
C6
At what level SCI is a universal cuff critical for increased independence in feeding, UBD, and grooming?
C5
Multiple sclerosis
demyelinating disease that causes impaired nerve conduction and inflammation
Motor symptoms of MS
ataxia, paralysis, weakness, fatigue, intention tremors, dysphagia
Sensory symptoms of MS
paresthesia (numbness and tingling), vertigo, pain
Visual symptoms of MS
Diplopia (double vision) or optic neuritis (sudden loss of vision)
Communication symptoms of MS
dysarthria, scanning speech
Bladder and bowel symptoms of MS
incontinence, urinary retention, or increased urgency
Cognitive symptoms of MS
ST memory less, attention deficits, decreased processing, impaired executive functioning
