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NBCOT Exam > Hand and Upper Extremity > Flashcards

Hand and Upper Extremity Flashcards

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1
Q

Monofilament sensory testing is used for…

A

nerve compression injury

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2
Q

2-point discrimination sensory testing is used for…

A

nerve laceration injuries

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3
Q

Boxer’s fracture

A

Metacarpal fracture

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4
Q

Bennet’s fracture

A

thumb fracture

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5
Q

Boutonniere Deformity

A

PIP flexion
DIP hyper extension

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6
Q

Mallet Finger

A

DIP flexion

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7
Q

Swan Neck Deformity

A

PIP hyper extension
DIP flexion

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8
Q

What are the 3 phases of fracture healing?

A

inflammation, repair, and remodeling

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9
Q

TENS is used primarily for…

A

pain relief

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10
Q

AROM usually begins __-__ weeks following fracture

A

3-6 weeks

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11
Q

What is the most common complication of hand and wrist fractures?

A

CRPS

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12
Q

Sensory deficits following median nerve injury includes

A

numbness in the palm, & pointer finger through radial 1/2 of the ring finger

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13
Q

Sensory deficits following ulnar nerve injury includes

A

pinky and ulnar half of ring finger

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14
Q

Radial nerve injury results in what presentation

A

wrist drop

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15
Q

Ulnar nerve injury results in what presentation

A

Ulnar claw hand deformity

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16
Q

Median nerve injury results in what presentation

A

Ape hand deformity

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17
Q

What is CTS (carpal tunnel syndrome)?

A

compression of median nerve

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18
Q

What is the most common type of elbow fracture?

A

Radial head fracture

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19
Q

Radial head fractures are mostly caused by…

A

fall on an outstretched hand

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20
Q

What are the 3 types of Radial head fractures?

A

Type I (nondisplaced)
Type II (displaced)
Type III (communuted)

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21
Q

Someone with a type I radial head fracture (nondisplaced) will most likely be treated with…

A

A long arm sling

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22
Q

Someone with a type II radial head fracture (displaced) will most likely be treated with…

A

2-3 weeks of immobilization

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23
Q

T/F: Someone with a type III radial head fracture (comminuted) will be engaged in an early motion protocol within the 1st week post-op

A

True

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24
Q

What is CRPS (complex regional pain syndrome)?

A

pain that is disproportionate to an injury

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25
What is type I CRPS?
CRPS that develops after a noxious event
26
What is type II CRPS?
CRPS that develops after a nerve injury
27
Allodynia
sensation misinterpreted as pain
28
Hyperalgia
increased response to painful stimuli
29
Hyperpathia
pain that continues after stimuli is removed
30
For a patient with CRPS, should you utilize AROM or PROM?
AROM (gentle, pain free)
31
T/F: stress loading/WBing is not a treatment for CRPS
false
32
What is a CTS (cumulative trauma disorder)?
damage caused by repetitive use (repetitive strain/overuse syndrome)
33
Examples of CTS (cumulative trauma disorders) include...
rotator cuff tears, epicondylitis, cubital tunnel, carpal tunnel syndrom
34
How many extensor tendon zones are there for digits II-V?
7
35
Extensor tendon zone 1
DIP joints
36
Extensor tendon zone 2
middle phalanx
37
Extensor tendon zone 3
PIP joints
38
Extensor tendon zone 4
proximal phalanx
39
Extensor tendon zone 5
MCP joints
40
Extensor tendon zone 6
MCP bones
41
Extensor tendon zone 7
carpal bones/wrist
42
HEAT would be used as a PAM (physical agent modality) in what case?
increase blood flow, prepare tissue for motion
43
How many flexor tendon zones are there?
5
44
What flexor tendon zone is knowns as "no man's land)
Zone 2, aka middle phalanx to distal palmar crease
45
Duran protocol
early PROM program "do it yourself", pt does PROM flex/extension
46
Kleinert Protocol
PASSIVE flexion with active extension via rubber band
47
Extensor tendon injury at the DIP joint (zone 1) indicates what type of deformity
mallet finger
48
Extensor tendon injury at the PIP joint and proximal phalanx (zone 3-4) indicates what type of deformity
Boutonniere deformity (PIP flexion, DIP hyperextension)
49
"Mallet finger" splint
DIP extension splint
50
"Boutonniere" splint
PIP extension splint
51
Flexor tendon injury splint
Dorsal block splint - wrist 20-30 degrees flexion -MCP's 50-70 degrees flexion -IP's extended
52
For a flexor tendon injury, at what point would you discontinue a dorsal block splint?
6-8 weeks
53
T/F: early mobilization is key in a flexor tendon injury
TRUE
54
What is radial tunnel syndrome?
entrapment of the radial nerve
55
Avoid what movement for radial tunnel syndrome?
wrist extension and supination
56
What is pronator syndrome?
proximal median nerve entrapment
57
Avoid what movement for pronator syndrome?
repetitive forearm rotation and elbow flexion
58
Tinel's sign for CTS (carpal tunnel)
tapping over median nerve to elicit symptoms
59
Phalen's test (carpal tunnel)
hold wrist flexion for 1 minute to elicit symptoms
60
Moberg Pickup Test (carpal tunnel)
timed test involving picking up, manipulating, and holding items. usually for PEDS population or for adults with cog impairments
61
What is cubital tunnel syndrome?
proximal ulnar nerve compression at the elbow joint
62
Froment's sign (cubital tunnel)
thumb IP flexion when performing lateral pinch
63
Wartenberg's sign (cubital tunnel)
pinky held in abduction
64
Elbow flexion test (cubital tunnel)
Hold elbow flexion x 5 mins to elicit symptoms
65
What is de Quervain's syndrome?
tenosynovitis (tendon sheath inflammation) of the thumb
66
What is trigger finger?
A1 pulley inflammation
66
What is protective re-reducation?
Visual compensation for sensory loss
67
What is discriminative re-education?
vision-tactile matching, identifying objects with and without vision
68
When should you avoid HEAT PAM's
in pt's with edema, blood clots, sensory impairments, cancer, impaired cognition
68
Desensitization
applying different textures and tactile input to re-educate the nervous system

NBCOT Exam (14 decks)

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