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NBCOT Exam > Hand and Upper Extremity > Flashcards

Hand and Upper Extremity Flashcards

1
Q

Monofilament sensory testing is used for…

A

nerve compression injury

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2
Q

2-point discrimination sensory testing is used for…

A

nerve laceration injuries

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3
Q

Boxer’s fracture

A

Metacarpal fracture

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4
Q

Bennet’s fracture

A

thumb fracture

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5
Q

Boutonniere Deformity

A

PIP flexion
DIP hyper extension

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6
Q

Mallet Finger

A

DIP flexion

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7
Q

Swan Neck Deformity

A

PIP hyper extension
DIP flexion

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8
Q

What are the 3 phases of fracture healing?

A

inflammation, repair, and remodeling

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9
Q

TENS is used primarily for…

A

pain relief

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10
Q

AROM usually begins __-__ weeks following fracture

A

3-6 weeks

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11
Q

What is the most common complication of hand and wrist fractures?

A

CRPS

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12
Q

Sensory deficits following median nerve injury includes

A

numbness in the palm, & pointer finger through radial 1/2 of the ring finger

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13
Q

Sensory deficits following ulnar nerve injury includes

A

pinky and ulnar half of ring finger

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14
Q

Radial nerve injury results in what presentation

A

wrist drop

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15
Q

Ulnar nerve injury results in what presentation

A

Ulnar claw hand deformity

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16
Q

Median nerve injury results in what presentation

A

Ape hand deformity

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17
Q

What is CTS (carpal tunnel syndrome)?

A

compression of median nerve

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18
Q

What is the most common type of elbow fracture?

A

Radial head fracture

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19
Q

Radial head fractures are mostly caused by…

A

fall on an outstretched hand

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20
Q

What are the 3 types of Radial head fractures?

A

Type I (nondisplaced)
Type II (displaced)
Type III (communuted)

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21
Q

Someone with a type I radial head fracture (nondisplaced) will most likely be treated with…

A

A long arm sling

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22
Q

Someone with a type II radial head fracture (displaced) will most likely be treated with…

A

2-3 weeks of immobilization

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23
Q

T/F: Someone with a type III radial head fracture (comminuted) will be engaged in an early motion protocol within the 1st week post-op

A

True

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24
Q

What is CRPS (complex regional pain syndrome)?

A

pain that is disproportionate to an injury

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25
Q

What is type I CRPS?

A

CRPS that develops after a noxious event

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26
Q

What is type II CRPS?

A

CRPS that develops after a nerve injury

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27
Q

Allodynia

A

sensation misinterpreted as pain

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28
Q

Hyperalgia

A

increased response to painful stimuli

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29
Q

Hyperpathia

A

pain that continues after stimuli is removed

30
Q

For a patient with CRPS, should you utilize AROM or PROM?

A

AROM (gentle, pain free)

31
Q

T/F: stress loading/WBing is not a treatment for CRPS

A

false

32
Q

What is a CTS (cumulative trauma disorder)?

A

damage caused by repetitive use (repetitive strain/overuse syndrome)

33
Q

Examples of CTS (cumulative trauma disorders) include…

A

rotator cuff tears, epicondylitis, cubital tunnel, carpal tunnel syndrom

34
Q

How many extensor tendon zones are there for digits II-V?

A

7

35
Q

Extensor tendon zone 1

A

DIP joints

36
Q

Extensor tendon zone 2

A

middle phalanx

37
Q

Extensor tendon zone 3

A

PIP joints

38
Q

Extensor tendon zone 4

A

proximal phalanx

39
Q

Extensor tendon zone 5

A

MCP joints

40
Q

Extensor tendon zone 6

A

MCP bones

41
Q

Extensor tendon zone 7

A

carpal bones/wrist

42
Q

HEAT would be used as a PAM (physical agent modality) in what case?

A

increase blood flow, prepare tissue for motion

43
Q

How many flexor tendon zones are there?

A

5

44
Q

What flexor tendon zone is knowns as “no man’s land)

A

Zone 2, aka middle phalanx to distal palmar crease

45
Q

Duran protocol

A

early PROM program “do it yourself”, pt does PROM flex/extension

46
Q

Kleinert Protocol

A

PASSIVE flexion with active extension via rubber band

47
Q

Extensor tendon injury at the DIP joint (zone 1) indicates what type of deformity

A

mallet finger

48
Q

Extensor tendon injury at the PIP joint and proximal phalanx (zone 3-4) indicates what type of deformity

A

Boutonniere deformity (PIP flexion, DIP hyperextension)

49
Q

“Mallet finger” splint

A

DIP extension splint

50
Q

“Boutonniere” splint

A

PIP extension splint

51
Q

Flexor tendon injury splint

A

Dorsal block splint
- wrist 20-30 degrees flexion
-MCP’s 50-70 degrees flexion
-IP’s extended

52
Q

For a flexor tendon injury, at what point would you discontinue a dorsal block splint?

A

6-8 weeks

53
Q

T/F: early mobilization is key in a flexor tendon injury

A

TRUE

54
Q

What is radial tunnel syndrome?

A

entrapment of the radial nerve

55
Q

Avoid what movement for radial tunnel syndrome?

A

wrist extension and supination

56
Q

What is pronator syndrome?

A

proximal median nerve entrapment

57
Q

Avoid what movement for pronator syndrome?

A

repetitive forearm rotation and elbow flexion

58
Q

Tinel’s sign for CTS (carpal tunnel)

A

tapping over median nerve to elicit symptoms

59
Q

Phalen’s test (carpal tunnel)

A

hold wrist flexion for 1 minute to elicit symptoms

60
Q

Moberg Pickup Test (carpal tunnel)

A

timed test involving picking up, manipulating, and holding items. usually for PEDS population or for adults with cog impairments

61
Q

What is cubital tunnel syndrome?

A

proximal ulnar nerve compression at the elbow joint

62
Q

Froment’s sign (cubital tunnel)

A

thumb IP flexion when performing lateral pinch

63
Q

Wartenberg’s sign (cubital tunnel)

A

pinky held in abduction

64
Q

Elbow flexion test (cubital tunnel)

A

Hold elbow flexion x 5 mins to elicit symptoms

65
Q

What is de Quervain’s syndrome?

A

tenosynovitis (tendon sheath inflammation) of the thumb

66
Q

What is trigger finger?

A

A1 pulley inflammation

66
Q

What is protective re-reducation?

A

Visual compensation for sensory loss

67
Q

What is discriminative re-education?

A

vision-tactile matching, identifying objects with and without vision

68
Q

When should you avoid HEAT PAM’s

A

in pt’s with edema, blood clots, sensory impairments, cancer, impaired cognition

68
Q

Desensitization

A

applying different textures and tactile input to re-educate the nervous system

NBCOT Exam (14 decks)

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