Low Vision Flashcards
Presbyopia
difficulty focusing on near objects (age related)
Mypoia
“nearsighted”, near object seen more clearly than far
Hyperopia
“farsighted”, far objects are seem more clearly than near
Contrast sensitivity
ability of the visual system to distinguish shades of color
Diplopia
double vision, two images of the same object
Exophoria
eyes deviate outward
esophoria
eyes deviate inward
Visuocognition
ability to integrate visual input with other sensory info
Age-related macular degeneration
fine detail impaired
- difficulty w/ reading dependent ADLs/IADLs
Glaucoma
increased intra-ocular pressure causing loss of peripheral vision
- impaired functional mobility, people/objects suddenly appear, difficulty reading/writing
Diabetic retinopathy
changes in blood vessels in the retina
-blurry vision and peripheral vision loss
- decreased contrast sensitivity
- difficulty driving at night
Cataracts
clouded lenses
- cloudy/blurry vision, faded colors, glare, poor night vision
homonymous hemianopsia
half of visual field is lost in each eye
Home modifications for low vision include
using adequate lighting, organize/declutter/improve contrast
Melbourne Low Vision ADL index
assesses the impact of a persons visual impairment on ADLs
Contrast of items in the household that should be addressed
stairs, curbs, dropoffs
How to assess near visual acuity
Lighthouse Near Visual Acuity Chart
How to assess distance visual acuity
Snellen chart
Brain injury visual assessment battery for adults
assesses oculomotor function
Relative distance magnification
moving closer to an object
Relative size magnification
size of an object is increased (e.g., large print calendar)
Sensory subsititution
using other senses to compensate for vision loss
Tactile markers
Bump dots, puff paint, etc to mark frequently used items on appliances or locating numbers on a telephone
