Neurocognitive Disorder Flashcards
(26 cards)
Rapid-onset reduced clarity of consciousness and cognition, with confusion, disorientation, and deficits in memory and language.
delirium
Gradual deterioration of brain functioning that affects memory, judgment, language, and other advanced cognitive processes.
major neurocognitive disorder
dementia
Modest impairment in cognitive abilities that can be overcome with accommodations such as extensive lists or elaborate schedules.
mild neurocognitive
disorder
Inability to recognize and name objects; may be a symptom of major neurocognitive disorder or other brain disorders.
agnosia
Type of agnosia characterized by a person’s inability to recognize even familiar faces.
facial agnosia
“Strange disease of the cerebral cortex” that causes an “atypical form of senile dementia,” discovered in 1906 by German psychiatrist Alois Alzheimer.
Alzheimer’s disease
Condition resulting from a disease that develops most often in people 50 and older, characterized by multiple cognitive defects that develop gradually and steadily.
neurocognitive disorder
due to Alzheimer’s
disease
Progressive brain disorder involving loss of cognitive functioning, caused by blockage of blood flow to the brain, that appears concurrently with other neurological signs and symptoms.
vascular neurocognitive
disorder
Injury to the head and, therefore, to the brain, typically caused by accidents; can lead to cognitive impairments, including memory loss.
head trauma
Condition that damages the frontal or temporal regions of the brain; behavior or language is negatively affected.
frontotemporal neurocognitive
disorder
Rare condition that results in early onset neurocognitive disorder.
Pick’s disease
Brain damage caused by a blow to the head or other trauma that injures the brain and results in diminished neurocognitive capacity.
traumatic brain injury
TBI
Condition resulting from jarring of the brain caused by a blow to the head or other impact; symptoms persist for at least a week after the initial trauma.
neurocognitive disorder
due to traumatic brain
injury
Neurological impairment that affects people with Lewy body disease, in which protein deposits damage brain cells and gradually cause motor impairments and loss of alertness.
neurocognitive disorder due to Lewy body disease
Disorder characterized by progressive decline in motor movements; results from damage to dopamine pathways.
neurocognitive disorder due to Parkinson’s disease
Degenerative brain disorder principally affecting motor performance (for example, tremors and stooped posture) associated with reduction in dopamine. Major neurocognitive disorder may be a result as well.
Parkinson’s disease
Disease that causes AIDS.
human immunodeficiency
virus type 1 (HIV-1)
Less common type of neurocognitive disorder that affects people who have HIV; may lead to impaired thinking in advanced stages.
neurocognitive disorder due to
HIV infection
Impairment or loss of language skills resulting from brain damage caused by stroke, Alzheimer’s disease, or other illness or trauma.
aphasia
Genetic disorder marked by involuntary limb movements and progressing to major neurocognitive disorder.
Huntington’s disease
Neurological disorder that follows a subcortical pattern and is notable for causing involuntary limb movements.
neurocognitive disorder
due to Huntington’s
disease
Rare progressive neurodegenerative disorder caused by prions, proteins that can reproduce themselves and cause damage to brain cells.
neurological disorder due to
prion disease
Extremely rare type of prion disease that may result from a number of sources, including the consumption of beef from cattle with “mad cow disease.”
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
Brain damage caused by prolonged use of drugs, often in combination with a poor diet.
substance/medication-induced
neurocognitive
disorder
