Eating and Sleep Disorders

Question 1

Eating disorder involving recurrent episodes of uncontrolled excessive (binge) eating followed by compensatory actions to remove the food (for example, deliberate vomiting, laxative abuse, and excessive exercise).

Answer 1

bulimia nervosa

Question 2

Relatively brief episode of uncontrolled, excessive consumption, usually of food or alcohol.

Answer 2

binge

Question 3

Eating disorder characterized by recurrent food refusal, leading to dangerously low body weight.

Answer 3

anorexia nervosa

Question 4

Pattern of eating involving distress-inducing binges not followed by purging behaviors; being considered as a new DSM diagnostic category.

Answer 4

binge-eating disorder

BED

Question 5

Excess of body fat resulting in a body mass index (BMI, a ratio of weight to height) of 30 or more.

Answer 5

obesity

Question 6

In the eating disorder bulimia nervosa, the self-induced vomiting or laxative abuse used to compensate for excessive food ingestion.

Answer 6

purging techniques

Question 7

Consuming a third or more of daily food intake after the evening meal and getting out of bed at least once during the night to have a high-calorie snack. In the morning, however, individuals with night eating syndrome are not hungry and do not usually eat breakfast. These individuals do not binge during their night eating and seldom purge.

Answer 7

night eating syndrome

Question 8

Surgical approach to extreme obesity, usually accomplished by stapling the stomach to create a small stomach pouch or bypassing the stomach through gastric bypass surgery.

Answer 8

bariatric surgery

Question 9

Periodic intervals of sleep during which the eyes move rapidly from side to side, and dreams occur, but the body is inactive.

Answer 9

rapid eye movement (REM) sleep

Question 10

Problems in getting to sleep or in obtaining sufficient quality sleep.

Answer 10

dyssomnias

Question 11

Abnormal behaviors such as nightmares or sleepwalking that occur during sleep.

Answer 11

parasomnias

Question 12

Assessment of sleep disorders in which a client sleeping in the lab is monitored for heart, muscle, respiration, brain wave, and other functions.

Answer 12

polysomnographic (PSG) evaluation

Question 13

Small electronic device that is worn on the wrist like a watch and records body movements. This device can be used to record sleep–wake cycles.

Answer 13

actigraph

Question 14

Percentage of time actually spent sleeping of the total time spent in bed.

Answer 14

sleep efficiency (SE)

Question 15

Short, seconds-long periods of sleep that occur in people who have been deprived of sleep.

Answer 15

microsleeps

Question 16

Condition in which insufficient sleep interferes with normal functioning.

Answer 16

insomnia disorder

Question 17

Difficulty in initiating, maintaining, or gaining from sleep; not related to other medical or psychological problems.

Answer 17

primary insomnia

Question 18

In a person with insomnia, the worsened sleep problems that can occur when medications are used to treat insomnia and then withdrawn.

Answer 18

rebound insomnia

Question 19

Sleep dysfunction involving an excessive amount of sleep that disrupts normal routines.

Answer 19

hypersomnolence disorders

Question 20

Disorder involving brief periods when breathing ceases during sleep.

Answer 20

sleep apnea

Question 21

Sleep disorder involving sudden and irresistible sleep attacks.

Answer 21

narcolepsy

Question 22

Sleep disruption leading to excessive sleepiness or insomnia, caused by a breathing problem such as interrupted (sleep apnea) or labored (hypoventilation) breathing.

Answer 22

breathing-related sleep disorders

Question 23

Sleep disturbances resulting in sleepiness or insomnia, caused by the body’s inability to synchronize its sleep patterns with the current pattern of day and night.

Answer 23

circadian rhythm sleep disorders

Question 24

Frightening and anxiety-provoking dreams occurring during rapid eye movement sleep. The individual recalls the bad dreams and recovers alertness and orientation quickly.

Answer 24

nightmares

Question 25

Category of sleep disorder during NREM sleep that includes sleepwalking and sleep terrors.

Answer 25

disorder of arousal

Question 26

Episodes of apparent awakening from sleep, accompanied by signs of panic, followed by disorientation and amnesia for the incident. These occur during nonrapid eye movement sleep and so do not involve frightening dreams.

Answer 26

sleep terrors

Question 27

Parasomnia that involves leaving the bed during nonrapid eye movement sleep. See also somnambulism.

Answer 27

sleepwalking (somnambulism)

Question 28

Repeated sleepwalking that occurs during nonrapid eye movement sleep and so is not the acting out of a dream. The person is difficult to waken and does not recall the experience.

Answer 28

somnambulism