Mood Disorders and Suicide

Question 1

Group of disorders involving severe and enduring disturbances in emotionality ranging from elation to severe depression.

Answer 1

mood disorders

Question 2

Most common and severe experience of depression, including feelings of worthlessness, disturbances in bodily activities such as sleep, loss of interest, and inability to experience pleasure, persisting at least 2 weeks.

Answer 2

major depressive episode

Question 3

Period of abnormally excessive elation or euphoria, associated with some mood disorders.

Answer 3

mania

Question 4

Less severe and less disruptive version of a manic episode that is one of the criteria for several mood disorders.

Answer 4

hypomanic episode

Question 5

Condition in which the individual experiences both elation and depression or anxiety at the same time. Also known as dysphoric manic episode or mixed manic episode.

Answer 5

mixed features

Question 6

Mood disorder involving one (single episode) or more (separated by at least 2 months without depression, recurrent) major depressive episodes.

Answer 6

major depressive disorder

Question 7

Repeatedly occurring.

Answer 7

recurrent

Question 8

Mood disorder involving persistently depressed mood, with low self-esteem, withdrawal, pessimism, or despair, present for at least 2 years, with no absence of symptoms for more than 2 months.

Answer 8

persistent depressive disorder (dysthymia)

Question 9

Severe mood disorder typified by major depressive episodes superimposed over a background of persistent dysthymic mood. Also called “Persistent depressive disorder with intermittent major depressive episodes.”

Answer 9

double depression

Question 10

Psychotic symptoms of perceptual disturbance in which things are seen, heard, or otherwise sensed although they are not actually present.

Answer 10

hallucinations

Question 11

Psychotic symptom involving disorder of thought content and presence of strong beliefs that are misrepresentations of reality.

Answer 11

delusion

Question 12

Motor movement disturbance seen in people with some psychoses and mood disorders in which body postures are waxy and can be “sculpted” to remain fixed for long periods.

Answer 12

catalepsy

Question 13

Mood disorder involving a cycling of episodes corresponding to the seasons of the year, typically with depression occurring during the winter.

Answer 13

seasonal affective disorder (SAD)

Question 14

Grief that evolves from acute grief into a condition in which the individual accepts the finality of a death and adjusts to the loss.

Answer 14

integrated grief

Question 15

Grief characterized by debilitating feelings of loss and emotions so painful that a person has trouble resuming a normal life; designated for further study as a disorder by DSM-5.

Answer 15

complicated grief

Question 16

Clinically significant emotional problems that can occur during the premenstrual phase of the reproductive cycle of a woman.

Answer 16

premenstrual dysphoric disorder

Question 17

Condition in which a child has chronic negative moods such as anger and irritability without any accompanying mania.

Answer 17

disruptive mood dysregulation disorder

Question 18

Alternation of major depressive episodes with hypomanic episodes (not full manic episodes).

Answer 18

bipolar II disorder

Question 19

Alternation of major depressive episodes with full manic episodes.

Answer 19

bipolar I disorder

Question 20

Chronic (at least 2 years) mood disorder characterized by alternating mood elevation and depression levels that are not as severe as manic or major depressive episodes.

Answer 20

cyclothymic disorder

Question 21

Hormones that affect the brain and are increasingly the focus of study in psychopathology.

Answer 21

neurohormones

Question 22

The theory according to which depression is the result of perceived or real absence of control over the outcome of an undesirable situation.

Answer 22

learned helplessness theory of depression

Question 23

Thinking errors in depressed people negatively focused in three areas: themselves, their immediate world, and their future.

Answer 23

depressive cognitive triad

Question 24

A medication used in the treatment of mood disorders, particularly bipolar disorder, that is effective in preventing and treating pathological shifts in mood.

Answer 24

mood-stabilizing drug

Question 25

Biological treatment for severe, chronic depression involving the application of electrical impulses through the brain to produce seizures. The reasons for its effectiveness are unknown.

Answer 25

electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)

Question 26

Treatment approach that involves identifying and altering negative thinking styles related to psychological disorders such as depression and anxiety and replacing them with more positive beliefs and attitudes and, ultimately, more adaptive behavior and coping styles.

Answer 26

cognitive therapy

Question 27

Brief treatment approach that emphasizes resolution of interpersonal problems and stressors, such as role disputes, in marital conflict or forming relationships in marriage or a new job. It has demonstrated effectiveness for such problems as depression.

Answer 27

interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT)

Question 28

Combination of continued psychosocial treatment, medication, or both designed to prevent relapse following therapy.

Answer 28

maintenance treatment

Question 29

Serious thoughts about committing suicide.

Answer 29

suicidal ideation

Question 30

The formulation of a specific method of killing oneself.

Answer 30

suicidal plans

Question 31

Efforts made to kill oneself.

Answer 31

suicidal attempts

Question 32

Postmortem psychological profile of a suicide victim constructed from interviews with people who knew the person before death.

Answer 32

psychological autopsy