Neurobiology Unit 3 KA1

Question 1

What makes up the Nervous system?
(3)

Answer 1

1) Brain
2) Spinal cord
3) Nerves

Question 2

What makes up the Central nervous system (CNS)? (2)

Answer 2

1) Brain
2) Spinal cord

Question 3

What makes up the Peripheral nervous system (PNS)? (1)

Answer 3

Nerves

Question 4

What does the Brain do?

Answer 4

The brain processes information

Question 5

What does the Spinal cord do?

Answer 5

The spinal cord connects the brain with the PNS

Question 6

What two nervous systems make up the PNS?

Answer 6

1) The Autonomic nervous system (ANS)
2) The Somatic nervous system (SNS)

Question 7

What two systems make up the ANS?

Answer 7

1) The Sympathetic system
2) The Para-sympathetic system

Question 8

What does the SNS contain?

Answer 8

The Somatic nervous system contains sensory and motor neurons

Question 9

What does the SNS control?

Answer 9

The Somatic nerous system controls the voluntary movement of the skeletal muscles
(Can bring about some involuntary actions - reflex response)

Question 10

What does the ANS regulate?

Answer 10

The Autonomic nervous system regulates the internal environment (heart rate, breathing rate, peristalsis, intestinal secretions)

Question 11

What does the ANS control?

Answer 11

The Autonomic nervous system controls involuntary actions (actions without conscious thought)

Question 12

Why are the Sympathetic and Para-sympathetic systems Antagonistic?

Answer 12

They are Antagonistic as they involve the same structures working in different ways

Question 13

What effect does the Sympathetic system have on the internal environment?

Answer 13

Heart rate - INCREASE
Breathing rate - INCREASE
Rate of Peristalsis - SLOW DOWN
Intestinal Secretions - DECREASE

Question 14

What effect does the Para-sympathetic system have on the internal environment?

Answer 14

Heart rate - DECREASE
Breathing rate - DECREASE
Rate of peristalsis - SPEED UP
Intestinal Secretions - INCREASE

Question 15

Name the three different neural pathways -

Answer 15

1) Converging neural pathway
2) Diverging neural pathway
3) Reverberating neural pathway

Question 16

What is a Converging neural pathway?

Answer 16

When impulses from several neurons converge to travel to one neuron
This increases the sensitivity to excitatory/inhibitory signals
(retina increases sensitivity in low light)

Question 17

What is a Diverging neural pathway?

Answer 17

When impulses from one neuron travel to several neurons so affect more than one destination at the same time
(control of fingers)

Question 18

What is a Reverberating neural pathway?

Answer 18

When neurons later in the pathway link back to earlier neurons sending the impulse back through the pathway again, allowing repeated stimulation of the pathway
(Repetitive actions like breathing)