Neurobiology Unit 3 KA 3

Question 1

What three things does Memory involve?

Answer 1

1) Encoding
2) Storage
3) Retrieval of information

Question 2

What three things does Memory include?

Answer 2

1) Past experiences
2) Knowledge
3) Thoughts

Question 3

What can the Brain do?
(Capture images of (5))

Answer 3

The brain can capture images of sights, sounds, smells, tactile sensations and emotions all experienced at one time and retain them as memories

Question 4

What are the three interacting levels involved in Memory?

Answer 4

All information entering the brain passes through -
1) Sensory memory
2) Short term memory
3) Long term memory

Question 5

Where does information from Environmental stimuli go after it has passed through the Sensory memory?

Answer 5

The information passes through the Sensory memory and enters the Short term memory

Question 6

What is the capacity and time threshold of STM?

Answer 6

The Short term memory has a limited capacity and holds information for a short time

Question 7

What happens to the information after its passed through STM? (3)

Answer 7

1) The information is transferred to the Long term memory
2) The information is lost by Displacement (new info pushes out old)
3) The information is lost by Decay (breaking down of memory trace)

Question 8

What is the Serial position effect?

Answer 8

The Serial position effect is when a person can recall the first items (LTM) and the last items (STM) in a series better than the middle items which are remembered poorly

Question 9

How can the capacity of the STM be improved?

Answer 9

The capacity of the Short term memory can be improved by chunking - several units of information are put together to create a meaningful unit

Question 10

Why can the STM carry out simple tasks? (2)
What’s this known as?

Answer 10

1) The Short term memory can process data (to a limited extent)
2) The Short term memory can store data

(Working Memory Model)

Question 11

What is the capacity and time threshold of the LTM?

Answer 11

The Long term memory is thought to have an unlimited capacity and can hold information for a long time

Question 12

What three things promote successful transfer to the LTM?

Answer 12

1) Rehearsal
2) Organisation
3) Elaboration of meaning

Question 13

What does Rehearsal involve?

Answer 13

Rehearsal involves the repetition of information over and over again

Question 14

What does Organisation involve?

Answer 14

Organisation involves information that is organised into logical categories

Question 15

What does Elaboration involve?

Answer 15

Elaboration involves meaning being added onto fact

Question 16

How is information stored in the LTM?

Answer 16

Information is stored in distinct categories in the LTM

Question 17

What is Retrieval?

Answer 17

Retrieval is a recall of information from memory

Question 18

What aids the search for info from the LTM?

Answer 18

Contextual cues aid the search for information in the Long term memory

Question 19

What do Contextual cues act as?

Answer 19

Contextual cues act as a memory trigger, they relate to the time and place when the information was originally encoded into the LTM