NeuroAnatomy - Lecture Three Objectives

Question 1

Where is the Primary Motor Cortex located?

Answer 1

frontal lobe
precentral gyrus

Question 2

What is the blood supply to the Primary Motor Cortex?

Answer 2

lateral region - superior branch of MCA
medial region - ACA

Question 3

What is the primary function of the Primary Motor Cortex?

Answer 3

activates/controls voluntary fine motor movement of contralateral side of the body

Question 4

What is the function of the Primary Motor Cortex in the lateral region?

Answer 4

activates/controls voluntary fine motor movement of contralateral side of the head/face, neck, and upper extremities

Question 5

What is the function of the Primary Motor Cortex in the medial region?

Answer 5

activates/controls voluntary fine motor movement of contralateral side of the lower extremities and the trunk

Question 6

What Brodmann’s Area number is the Primary Motor Cortex?

Answer 6

Brodmann’s Area 4

Question 7

What are the symptoms of a lesion in the Primary Motor Cortex if it occurs in the ACA?

Answer 7

contralateral hemiplegia/paresis of the lower extremities

Question 8

What are the symptoms of a lesion in the Primary Motor Cortex if it occurs in the superior MCA?

Answer 8

contralateral hemiplegia/paresis of the lower face and upper extremities

Question 9

Where is the premotor cortex located?

Answer 9

frontal lobe

Question 10

What is the blood supply to the Premotor Cortex?

Answer 10

superior branch of MCA

Question 11

What is the primary function of the Premotor Cortex?

Answer 11

plans voluntary fine motor movements and sends motor plans to the primary motor area for activation
- planning is based on integrating current sensory information

Question 12

What Brodmann’s Area number is associated with the Premotor Cortex?

Answer 12

Brodmann’s Area 6

Question 13

What are the clinical characteristics of a lesion in the premotor cortex?

Answer 13

Apraxia due to inability to generate and send the plan to the motor cortex

Question 14

Where is the Supplementary Motor Area located?

Answer 14

Frontal lobe

Question 15

What is the primary function of the Supplementary Motor Area?

Answer 15

plans (visualization) complex sequences of voluntary fine motor movements
Micturition - bladder control

Question 16

What Brodmann’s Area number is associated with the Supplementary Motor Area?

Answer 16

Brodmann’s Area 6

Question 17

What are the symptoms of a lesion in the Supplementary Motor Area?

Answer 17

Incontinence

Question 18

Where is the Frontal Eye Field located?

Answer 18

Frontal lobe immediately anterior to PMC/SMA

Question 19

What is the blood supply of the Frontal Eye Field?

Answer 19

superior branch of MCA

Question 20

What is the primary function of the Frontal Eye Field?

Answer 20

Horizontal conjugate gaze/eye movements to opposite direction

Question 21

What Brodmann’s Area number is associated with the Frontal Eye Field?

Answer 21

Brodmann’s Area 8

Question 22

What are the symptoms of a lesion in the Frontal Eye Field?

Answer 22

horizontal gaze palsy
eyes deviate to the same side of lesion

Question 23

Where is Brodmann Area 44/45 located?

Answer 23

Frontal lobe along inferior frontal gyrus

Question 24

What is the blood supply to Brodmann Area 44/45?

Answer 24

superior branch of MCA

Question 25

What is the primary function of Brodmann Area 44/45 in the DOMINANT hemisphere?

Answer 25

motor production of linguistic components of communication
“specialized” premotor area of speech

Question 26

What is the primary function of Brodmann Area 44/45 in the NON-DOMINANT hemisphere?

Answer 26

motor production on non-linguistic components of communication
- production of emotional aspect of language

Question 27

What are the symptoms of a lesion in Brodmann Area 44/45 in the DOMINANT hemisphere?

Answer 27

Broca’s aphasia
- can comprehend language, but cannot speak

Question 28

What are the symptoms of a lesion in Brodmann Area 44/45 in the NON-DOMINANT hemisphere?

Answer 28

motor dysprosodia