NeuroAnatomy - Lecture Four Objectives - Meningeal Spaces

Question 1

What are the 3 meningeal layers of the CNS?

Answer 1

Dura, Arachnoid, and Pia matter

Question 2

What is the outermost layer of the CNS?

Answer 2

Dura matter

Question 3

How do you know you’re looking at the Dura Matter when viewing cadaver/plastinated images?

Answer 3

You cannot see meningeal arteries, cerebral blood vessels, and contour of sulci/gyri

Question 4

What are the two layers of dura mater in the skull?

Answer 4

Periosteal (endosteal) layer & Meningeal layer

Question 5

What are the three dural folds in the skull?

Answer 5

falx cerebri - divides R/L hemispheres
tentorium cerebelli - separates cerebellum from hemispheres
falx cerebelli - “divides” R/L cerebellar hemispheres

Question 6

What are the five dural sinuses?

Answer 6

superior sagittal sinus
inferior sagittal sinus
straight sinus
transverse sinus
sigmoid sinus

Question 7

What is the middle meningeal layer?

Answer 7

arachnoid layer

Question 8

Where does blood flow occur: the dura mater, arachnoid layer, or pia mater?

Answer 8

arachnoid layer

Question 9

how does the arachnoid layer anchor to the pia layer

Answer 9

arachnoid trabeculae

Question 10

How do you know you’re looking at the Arachnoid Layer when viewing cadaver/plastinated images?

Answer 10

you can see cerebral blood vessels, but it is a smooth surface across sulci

Question 11

What is the innermost meningeal layer?

Answer 11

pia mater

Question 12

How does the brain get blood through the pia mater?

Answer 12

branches of cerebral arteries penetrate through the pia layer to supply blood

Question 13

How do you know you’re looking at the Pia Mater when viewing cadaver/plastinated images?

Answer 13

you can clearly see the contours of the gyri and sulci as well as the deep grooves of the sulci

Question 14

What is the epidural space?

Answer 14

it is the potential space between the dura and the skull
- only present during pathology

Question 15

What is an epidural hematoma?

Answer 15

a rupture of the middle meningeal artery which directs the blood flow to the space between the dura and the skull

Question 16

Does an epidural hematoma cross suture lines?

Answer 16

No

Question 17

What is a subdural hematoma?

Answer 17

a rupture of the bridging veins into the space between the dura and arachnoid layers

Question 18

Does a subdural hematoma cross suture lines?

Answer 18

Yes

Question 19

What is the subarachnoid space?

Answer 19

the space between the arachnoid layer and pia mater containing the CSF and CNS arteries

Question 20

How do injuries in the subarachnoid space differ from epidural or subdural injuries?

Answer 20

these injuries are not often due to trauma

Question 21

What is a subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH)?

Answer 21

an artery that ruptures in the subarachnoid space
- often due to a saccular (berry) aneurysm

Question 22

where is the subarachnoid space in the vertebral column?

Answer 22

from T12/L1 - S2