Neuroanatomy

Question 1

What are the tissues surrounding nerves called?

Answer 1

Mechanical interfaces

Question 2

Name the key neural structures in the nervous system.

Answer 2

Brain, spinal cord, nerve roots, peripheral nerves, meninges, epi/meso/perineurium

Question 3

Are neuriums associated with nociceptive or neurogenic pain?

Answer 3

Nociceptive

Question 4

What tissues are innervated by nerves?

Answer 4

All other tissues in the body

Question 5

What is the main defense against excessive nerve tension?

Answer 5

Perineurium

Question 6

How much strain can the perineurium withstand before failure?

Answer 6

18-22%

Question 7

What allows for the sliding movement of neural tissues?

Answer 7

Longitudinal and transverse excursion

Question 8

How does the ulnar nerve slide during wrist extension?

Answer 8

Around the elbow

Question 9

What is the function of transverse nerve sliding?

Answer 9

Allows nerves to take the shortest path and accommodate pressure

Question 10

What structural feature helps nerves recover after compression?

Answer 10

Spongy epineurium

Question 11

Which substances are released during nociceptive stimulation to increase INBF?

Answer 11

Substance P and vasodilating peptides

Question 12

What happens to INBF with excessive mechanical stimulation?

Answer 12

Inflammation or edema

Question 13

How does the sympathetic nervous system affect INBF?

Answer 13

Causes vasoconstriction

Question 14

At what elongation percentage is nerve blood flow first blocked?

Answer 14

0.08

Question 15

What elongation percentage stops blood flow in nerves completely?

Answer 15

0.15

Question 16

What pressure range can restrict blood flow to nerves?

Answer 16

30-50mmHg

Question 17

How does tension affect the spinal cord?

Answer 17

Reduces blood flow

Question 18

What are the two mechanical dysfunction types involving nerve closing?

Answer 18

Reduced and excessive closing

Question 19

Which movement is provocative in reduced opening dysfunction?

Answer 19

Opposite side movement

Question 20

What dysfunction is associated with hypermobility and excessive postures?

Answer 20

Excessive opening

Question 21

Name two anatomical dysfunctions that can affect nerves.

Answer 21

Disc protrusions, stenosis

Question 22

What physiological factor can impair nerve root function without compression?

Answer 22

Proximity of the nucleus pulposus

Question 23

What is a common symptom of reduced neural sliding?

Answer 23

Excess tension and strain on nerves

Question 24

What is the goal of slider neural techniques?

Answer 24

Restore movement and blood flow

Question 25

What is the aim of tensioner neural techniques?

Answer 25

Apply gentle tension to reduce sensitivity

Question 26

What dysfunction occurs with reduced nerve sliding?

Answer 26

Sliding dysfunction

Question 27

What does tension dysfunction in nerves cause?

Answer 27

Abnormal or undesirable tension dynamics

Question 28

What is the balance required for INBF?

Answer 28

Between vasodilation (nociceptive) and vasoconstriction (sympathetic)

Question 29

What is the role of epineurium during nerve compression?

Answer 29

Absorbs pressure

Question 30

What is the effect of repetitive mechanical stimulation on INBF?

Answer 30

Likely increases blood flow