Neuroanatomy Flashcards
What are the tissues surrounding nerves called?
Mechanical interfaces
Name the key neural structures in the nervous system.
Brain, spinal cord, nerve roots, peripheral nerves, meninges, epi/meso/perineurium
Are neuriums associated with nociceptive or neurogenic pain?
Nociceptive
What tissues are innervated by nerves?
All other tissues in the body
What is the main defense against excessive nerve tension?
Perineurium
How much strain can the perineurium withstand before failure?
18-22%
What allows for the sliding movement of neural tissues?
Longitudinal and transverse excursion
How does the ulnar nerve slide during wrist extension?
Around the elbow
What is the function of transverse nerve sliding?
Allows nerves to take the shortest path and accommodate pressure
What structural feature helps nerves recover after compression?
Spongy epineurium
Which substances are released during nociceptive stimulation to increase INBF?
Substance P and vasodilating peptides
What happens to INBF with excessive mechanical stimulation?
Inflammation or edema
How does the sympathetic nervous system affect INBF?
Causes vasoconstriction
At what elongation percentage is nerve blood flow first blocked?
0.08
What elongation percentage stops blood flow in nerves completely?
0.15
What pressure range can restrict blood flow to nerves?
30-50mmHg
How does tension affect the spinal cord?
Reduces blood flow
What are the two mechanical dysfunction types involving nerve closing?
Reduced and excessive closing
Which movement is provocative in reduced opening dysfunction?
Opposite side movement
What dysfunction is associated with hypermobility and excessive postures?
Excessive opening
Name two anatomical dysfunctions that can affect nerves.
Disc protrusions, stenosis
What physiological factor can impair nerve root function without compression?
Proximity of the nucleus pulposus
What is a common symptom of reduced neural sliding?
Excess tension and strain on nerves
What is the goal of slider neural techniques?
Restore movement and blood flow
What is the aim of tensioner neural techniques?
Apply gentle tension to reduce sensitivity
What dysfunction occurs with reduced nerve sliding?
Sliding dysfunction
What does tension dysfunction in nerves cause?
Abnormal or undesirable tension dynamics
What is the balance required for INBF?
Between vasodilation (nociceptive) and vasoconstriction (sympathetic)
What is the role of epineurium during nerve compression?
Absorbs pressure
What is the effect of repetitive mechanical stimulation on INBF?
Likely increases blood flow
