Neuro1

Question 1

Korsakoff syndrome is due to ___ deficiency

Answer 1

Thiamine (B1)

Question 2

Brain areas typically affected first by Alzheimers?

Answer 2

Temporal and parietal lobes, hippocampus

Question 3

MOA of Tetanus:

Answer 3

Painful muscle spasm due to motor neuron disinhibition. Bacteria secretes tetanus toxoid, binds to peripheral nerve terminals&raquo_space; CNS (retrograde transport) and blocks release of GABA/glycine at synaptic cleft.

Question 4

MOA of botulism:

Answer 4

Impaired presynaptic release of ACh. Presents with symmetric descending flaccid paralysis, blurred vision, and areflexia

Question 5

NMS is a reaction to ___

Answer 5

dopamine antagonist meds. Presents as AMS, rigidity, fever, and autonomic dysregulation

Question 6

monocular vision loss/central scotoma, washed out colors, eye pain with movement, afferent pupillary defect:

Answer 6

optic neuritis. Rx = IV corticosteroid

Question 7

acute, severe, painless monocular vision loss with cherry red spot on fundoscopic exam

Answer 7

CRAO - central retinal artery occlusion

Question 8

Area of brain affected based on: contralateral hemiparesis and hemisensory loss, homonymous hemaniopsia, and gaze palsy

Answer 8

Basal Ganglia (putamen)

** Putaminal hemorrhage often involves the internal capsule next to it.

Question 9

Area of brain affected based on: contralateral hemiparesis and hemisensory loss, nonreactive miotic pupils, upgaze palsy, eyes deviate towards hemiparesis

Answer 9

Thalamus

Question 10

Area of brain affected based on: deep coma and total paralysis within minutes, pinpoint reactive pupils

Answer 10

Pons

Question 11

Contralateral paralysis of arm and leg (lateral corticospinal tract), contralateral loss of position sense (DCML) and tongue deviation towards side of lesion (hypoglossal nerve)

Answer 11

Medial Medullary Syndrome.

Due to occlusion of vertebral or anterior spinal artery

Question 12

Rx for restless leg syndrome:

Answer 12

dopamine agonists (pramipexole).