Mix14 Flashcards
Side effect of abrupt discontinuation of benzo:
seizure (be aware of short half life of benzo)
What drug class is alprazolam?
benzo
drug class of bupropion:
NE/Dopa reuptake i
MOA of mirtazapine:
serotonin modulator (alpha 2 AR blocker)
Requirements for chorioamnionitis:
maternal fever + 1 of the following:
- Fetal tachy (>160)
- Maternal leukocytosis
- Purulent amniotic fluid
- maternal tachy (>110)
- uterine fundal tenderness
What’s the pathophys behind sturge weber syndrome?
leptomeningeal capillary venous malformation. May present with seizure +/- hemiparesis, intellectual disability and visual field deficits
Complications of excess oxytocin?
Tachysystole (abnormally frequent uterine contractions), hypotension, and hyponatremia.
Oxytocin is a uterotonic agent
Lesch Nyhan syndrome is due to deficiency of ___ and results in accumulation of toxic levels of ___
HGPRT, uric acid. Characterized by self mutilation, mental retardation, and EPS.
Tinea versicolor is due to ____ infection:
malassezia globosoa (NOT dermatophyte). Tinea versicolor is the only tinea infection not caused by dermatophytes (which require keratin for growth).
Tinea corporis/pedis/cruris etc all use dermatophyte
Rx for tinea versicolor:
topical ketoconazole, terbinafine, or selenium sulfide
multiple, diffuse nodulocystic masses with a cyclic premenstrual tenderness in a young woman is suggestive of:
fibrocystic changes. NSAID or OCP for relief
*Fibroadenoma = single/solitary well circumscribed mass
call exner bodies (cells in rosette pattern) in adnexal mass:
Granulosa-Theca cell tumor (sex cord stromal tumor)
Relation of granulosa cell tumor and endometrial cancer:
Granulosa cell tumors increase available estrogen (via conversion of testosterone via aromatase) and secrete inhibin (which prevents FSH release). Leads to unopposed estrogen»_space; endometrial hyperplasia and post menopausal bleeding. Due to assoc with endometrial cancer, need to do endometrial biopsy for staging before starting cancer treatment. Use inhibin levels to monitor for disease progression or recurrence.
Neurocutaneous syndromes of café au lait macules, ash leaf spots, and port wine stains are characteristic of these diseases:
neurofibromatosis, tuberous sclerosis, sturge weber
Painful third trimester bleeding with sudden onset. Firm, distended, and tender uterus. Cause?
Placental abruption. Premature detachment of placenta from uterus due to rupture of maternal decidual vessels. Bleeding»_space; dissection of placenta off decidua. Uterus becomes distended, tender, and vaginal bleeding is prominent. Puts Pt at shock for DIC and hypovolemic shock and may cause fetal hypoxia (loss of variability). Rx = Immediate C/S
Maternal AFP and estriol decreased. Inhibin A and HCG increased. Indicates:
Down’s
Follow up steps for abnormal quad test results:
Cell free DNA testing, U/S to assess fetal abnormalities
Encephalopathy, oculomotor dysfunction (horizontal nystagmus, bilateral abducens palsy), and postural/gait ataxia:
Wernicke’s encephalopathy (thiamine B1 def). Look out for alcoholics and pregnant women w/hyperemesis gravidarum
Tamsulosin vs finasteride
Tamsulosin = alpha blocker
finasteride = 5 a reductase i
Rx for antiphospholipid syndrome in pregnancy:
Prophylaxis with low dose aspirin and LMWH are used to prevent pregnancy losses. Thrombocytopenia and prolonged PTT are common in these patients.
How does nephrotic syndrome increase the risk for MI and stroke?
Nephrotic syndrome»_space; increased risk for atherosclerosis (due to hyperlipidemia) and AV thrombus (due to loss of AT III). Atherosclerosis and hypercoagulability increase risk for stroke and MI
