Mix9 Flashcards
What drugs could you use to correct coagulopathy in platelet dysfunction in uremic platelets?
Can use desmopressin (DDAVP), cryoprecipitate, and conjugated estrogens.
What’s the most common site of ulnar nerve entrapment?
ELBOW. Where the ulnar nerve lies at the medial epicondyle groove.
Common extrarenal manifestations of AD PCKD:
Intracranial berry aneurysm (most common), hepatic cysts, valvular heart dz, colonic diverticula, abdominal and inguinal hernia.
Drug class for chlorthalidone:
thiazide diuretic
NSAIDs can cause prerenal AKI due to:
afferent arteriole constriction
Rx for acute epididymitis in older patient:
Levofloxacin (E colic MCC in older Pt)
Cough with daily mucopurulent sputum production, rhinosinusitis, dyspnea, hemoptysis, crackles, and wheezing:
chronic bronchiectasis. This is bronchial wall damage and airway dilation due to recurrent cycles of infection, inflammation, and tissue damage. High res CT is best test for diagnosis.
What are the guidelines for BRCA mutation screening?
Only do BRCA mutation testing in Pt with FH of ovarian cancer at any age or personal/family H/o of breast cancer at age < 50 in first degree relative.
Don’t do BRCA screening for FH of endometrial/breast cancer at advanced age.
MCC of erysipelas:
Group A strep (s pyogenes). Superficial dermis and lymphatics, raised/sharply demarcated edges, rapid spread and onset.
- S aureus is a common cause of cellulitis, not erysipelas. Cellulitis has slower onset with indistinct borders.
Varicocele that fails to empty when patient is recumbent:
Renal cell carcinoma. (tumor obstructs gonadal vein) Dx with abdominal CT
Why no phenytoin in pregnancy?
Teratogen. Causes “fetal hydantoin syndrome” characterized by orofacial clefts, microcephaly, nail/digit hypoplasia, dysmorphic facial features, and cardiac defects.
Why no valproic acid in pregnancy?
Causes neural tube defects and dysmorphic facial features.
Craniopharyngiomas have what embryologic origin?
Rathke’s pouch
Screen AAA in male smoker >65 w/smoking history. Do you perform U/S or low dose CT?
U/S
Patient with exertional syncope presents with the following: delayed/diminished carotid pulse, single soft second heart sound, mid to late systolic murmur. What’s the dx?
Aortic stenosis. Delayed/diminished carotid pulse is pulsus parvus et tardus.
Next best step if oropharyngeal dysphagia is suspected:
videofluoroscopic modified barium swallow.
Should have H/o of initiating swallowing with coughing, choking, or nasal regurg.
All patients with acute exacerbation of COPD should receive ___ and ___
inhaled bronchodilators (B2 agonists [albuterol] and anticholinergics [ipratropium]) and systemic glucocorticoids (PO prednisone or IV methylprednisolone)
Analgesic nephropathy can cause ESRD and manifests as what type of kidney damage?
Tubulointerstitial nephritis and papillary necrosis. Happens when Pt use combined analgesics like aspirin & naproxen
If confirming a diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome, which test do you order? Nerve conduction studies or Electromyography?
Normally it’s a clinical Dx, but can confirm with nerve conduction studies.
What are lewy bodies made of?
Lewy bodies are eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusions representing accumulations of alpha synuclein and can be found in neurons in substantia nigra, locus coeruleus, and some other places.
At what point do you consider referral for carotid endarterectomy?
If patient is symptomatic (TIA or ischemic stroke in distribution of affected vessel within 6 mo) with HIGH grade stenosis (70-99%)
Acid base disturbance with salicylate intoxication:
Respiratory alkalosis (stimulates respiratory center in medulla)»_space; AG metabolic acidosis
