Mix2 Flashcards
Mucopurulent discharge at urethral meatus but no bacteria on gram stain and culture-negative:
Chlamydia. Confirm with NAAT. Rx = azithro or doxy
** Neisseria would show up as gram neg (-) cocci on gram stain
Large smooth liver hydatid cyst with septations:
Echinococcus. Dog tapeworm, sheep = intermediate host. Ingested through consuming water/food contaminated w/dog feces. Typically asymptomatic for years. Affects lung and liver.
Rx = albendazole and percutaneous therapy if >5cm or septations
Metabolic syndrome is due to insulin (deficiency/resistance/impaired secretion)?
Insulin resistance. Presents with HTN, impaired fasting glucose, and dyslipidemia (high LDL and triglyceride)
What are the 5 criteria of metabolic syndrome?
Need 3 of 5 to Dx.
- Abdominal obesity
- Fasting gluc > 100-110
- BP > 130/80
- Triglyceride > 150
- HDL (M < 40, F < 50)
anti CCP ab =
RA
systolic-diastolic abdominal bruit heard in Pt with persistent HTN even after 3 antihypertensive drugs. Cause?
RAS. Renal artery stenosis
Ca, Phos, and PTH levels in Vit D deficiency?
Ca low, Phos low, PTH increased
MOA and main adverse effect of hydroxychloroquine:
TNF and IL-1 suppression. Retinopathy.
MOA and main adverse effect of leflunomide:
Pyrimidine synthesis inhibition. Hepatotoxicity, cytopenia.
Ab in Granulomatosis with polyangiitis:
PR3 - proteinase 3 ANCA aka c-ANCA (70%) and MPO aka p-ANCA (20%)
** pANCA is more often in ANCA assoc vasculitidies (microscopic polyangiitis, eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis)
What’s the diff between malignant HTN vs hypertensive encephalopathy?
Both are types of hypertensive emergency.
Malignant HTN = severe HTN with retinal hemorrhage, exudates, and papilledema
Hypertensive Encephalopathy = severe HTN with cerebral edema & non localizing neuro Sx and signs
Acid base disturbance in TB:
Normal AG metabolic acidosis. Common cause of primary adrenal insufficiency (Addison’s)
