Neuro Pathologies (stroke)

Question 1

What is a stroke

Answer 1

When the blood supply to part of the brain is cut off, symptoms develop rapidly and shows focal or global loss of cerebral function lasting more than 24 hours or that lead to death with no apparent cause other than vascular

Question 2

What’s a TIA

Answer 2

Aka a mini stroke it’s a sign part of the body isn’t getting enough blood, increases risk of a more serious stroke in the future, symptoms last less than 12 hours

Question 3

What does fast stand for

Answer 3

Face
Arms
Speech
Time to call 999

Question 4

What are the types of stroke

Answer 4

Haemorrhagic, ischaemic

Question 5

What’s a tacs

Answer 5

Total anterior circulation stroke, unilateral weakness motor cortex , sensory deficit sensory cortex, homonyous hemianopia, dysphasia language disorder problem with neural control

Question 6

What’s a pacs

Answer 6

Partial anterior circulation stroke, weakness or sensory loss

Question 7

What’s a pocs

Answer 7

Posterior circulation stroke, sensory deficit, eye movement problems, bilateral motor or sensory deficit, cerebellum dysfunction

Question 8

What’s a lacs

Answer 8

Lacunar stroke, slurred speech left hemisphere, drooping on one side of face, memory problems hippocampus , numbness, difficulty speaking, confusion

Question 9

What’s a ischaemic stroke

Answer 9

Most common type of stroke happen when a blood clot blocks flow of blood and oxygen to the brain, these blood clots typically form in areas where the arteries have been narrowed or blocked over time by plaques, by atherosclerosis the most common affected vessels middle, anterior and posterior cerebral artery

Question 10

What’s an embolie stroke

Answer 10

Completed stroke, sudden onset, TIA, Small, no infarction occurs (tissue death)

Question 11

What’s a thrombotic stroke

Answer 11

Completed stroke, usually develops overnight, TIA- sudden, full recovery, risk of CVA in next few weeks

Question 12

Medical management of emboli/thrombus

Answer 12

Treat as medical emergency, MRI, CT

aspirin, anti coagulants, other tests, blood tests, angiography, echocardiography, surgery

Question 13

What are the types of haemorrhagic strokes

Answer 13

Intracerebral, subarachnoid, subdural, extradural

Question 14

What’s a subarachnoid haemorrhage

Answer 14

Bleed into subarachnoid space, due to rupture of congenital aneurysm, ateriovenous malformation, associated with intense headache, vomiting, loss of consciousness

Question 15

What’s a intracerebral haemmorhage

Answer 15

Bleeding into deeper parts of the brain, associated with hypertension, weakened arterial walls, micro aneurysms develop

Question 16

What’s the difference between a haemorrhagic and ischaemic stroke

Answer 16

Haemorrhagic is a bleed on the brain, a ischaemic stroke is a blockage in the blood supply to the brain