Neuro lab final secondary Q's Flashcards
First synapse for fine touch/vibrotactile and conscious proprioceptive info for lower extremeties.
nucleus Gracilis
Afferent fibers are fasciculus gracilis. Efferent fibers are medila lemniscus.
nucleus Gracilis
First synapse for fine touch/vibrotactile and conscious proprioceptive info for upper extremeties.
nucleus cuneatus
Afferent fibers are fasciculus cuneatus. Efferent fibers are medila lemniscus
nucleus cuneatus
First synapse for unconscious proprioceptive info for upper half of body.
accessory cuneate
Afferent info through cuneocerebellar tract.
accessory cuneate
First synapse for temp., pain and light touch of the face.
Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus:
Receives fibers from CN V, VII, IX and X in relation to somatosensory input from the ear
Part of ventral trigeminothalamic tract.
Involved with trigeminal neuralgia.
Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus:
Rostral portion receives afferent gustatory (taste) input.Major cranial nerves with axons that synapse here: VII, IX, X
nucleus solitary tract
Loose collection of nuclei through all levels of brainstem.
reticular formation
Responsible for “integrative” functions, including motor control, autonomic output, and regulation of behavioral state (eg. sleep and wake)
reticular formation
Descending fibers of voluntary motor control from the cortex and projecting to spinal cord (corticospinal tract). At the level of the medulla, 80 % will decussate.
pyramid
Ascending, 2nd order sensory fibers carrying fine touch/vibrotactile and conscious proprioceptive info to the VPL of the thalamus from the posterior/dorsal columns.
medial lemniscus
Ascending temp, pain and light touch pathway. Contralateral info at level of medulla. Input through Lissauer’s fasciulus. Project to the VPL of the thalamus. CVA in the thalamus that disrupts this tract can result in “thalamic pain”.
spinothalamic (ant/ lat)
Ascending temp, pain and light touch pathway.
spinothalamic (ant/ lat)
Bundle of ascending, decussating, 2nd order sensory fibers carrying fine touch/vibrotactile and conscious proprioceptive info to the VPL of the thalamus from the posterior/dorsal columns. Decussation occurs after synapse at Nucleus Gracilis/Nucleus Cuneatus
internal arcuate decussation
First synapse for temp., pain and light touch of the face.
Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus
First synapse for temp., pain and light touch of the face. Receives fibers from CN V, VII, IX and X in relation to somatosensory input from the ear. Part of ventral trigeminothalamic tract. Involved with trigeminal neuralgia.
Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus
First synapse of afferent vestibular info from Scarpa’s ganglia, and sometimes a collection of primary sensory afferent cell bodies from inner ear.
Vestibular Nuclei
Projects to both cerebellum via the vestibulocerebellar pathway and the oculomotor muscles via the MLF. Also sends descending projections to the spinal cord to regulate motor control of the trunk and extensor muscles via the vestibulospinal tract.
Vestibular Nuclei
descending projections to the spinal cord to regulate motor control of the trunk and extensor muscles via the vestibulospinal tract
Vestibular Nuclei
Large nucleus in the medulla that sends contralateral projections to the cerebellum via the olivocerebellar tract
Inferior Olivary Nucleus
Fibers terminate as “climbing fibers” on purkinje cells. Also receives cerebellar output info. Involved in learning unconscious motor tasks .
Inferior Olivary Nucleus
Brainstem lower motor neuron pool containing axons that innervate muscles of the larynx and pharynx. Part of CN IX, X, XI
Nucleus Ambiguus
Major motor nucleus containing lower motor axons that innervate muscles of the ipsilateral tongue. Part of CN XII
Hypoglossal Nucleus
Major preganglionic, parasympathetic motor nucleus of CN X. Innervates the lungs, heart, stomach and GI tract.
dorsal Motor Nucleus of X
connecting the cerebellum to the brainstem. Most unconscious proprioceptive input enters the cerebellum through this bundle
Inferior Cerebellar Peduncle
Most unconscious proprioceptive input enters the cerebellum through this bundle (cuneocerebellar, dorsal spinocerbellar, rostral spinocerbellar, vestibulocerebellar, olivocerebellar, trigeminal cerebellar). Also contains cerebellar efferent axons to the vestibular nuclei.
Inferior Cerebellar Peduncle
Mixed (both ascending and descending) fiber tract that connects the vestibular nuclei with CN III, IV and VI along with head, neck and trunk muscles to regulate vestibulo-occular reflexes and coordination.
Medial Longitudnal Fasciculus:
Space in ventral hindbrain containing CSF to cushion brain and provide nutrients. Contains choroid plexus.
IV Ventricle
Major CNS center of norepinephrine production,
Locus Ceruleus
Major CNS center of norepinephrine production, located in the pons, projecting all throughout the brain. Part of the ascending reticular activating system. Involved in arousal and alertness.
Locus Ceruleus
connecting the cerebellum to the brainstem. Most cerebellar efferent’s exit the cerebellum through this tract.
Superior Cerebellar Peduncle
The ventral spinocerebellar tract enters the cerebellum through this peduncle.
Superior Cerebellar Peduncle
connecting the cerebellum to the brainstem. Cortical input to the cerebellum synapses on the ispilateral pontine nuclei and then decussates to enter the cerebellum via this peduncle (cortico-ponto-cerbellar).
Middle Cerebellar Peduncle
Information through this peduncle pathway involves coordinating movements
Middle Cerebellar Peduncle
Dorsal portion of the pons that contains reticular formation and cranial nerve nuclei (both sensory and motor). Comprises the floor of the IV Ventricle.
Pontine Tegmentum
Ventral portion of the pons that contains cortico-ponto-cerebellar, corticospinal, and corticobulbar fibers as well as pontine nuclei.
Basis Pontis
Part of the midbrain tectum (roof) that is involved in eye tracking and saccades.
Superior Colliculus
Part of basal ganglia circuit involving substantia nigra pars reticulata. Receives afferent input from frontal eye fields and visual association cortices and sends motor output to oculmotor nuclei and to the head and neck via the tectospinal tract
Superior Colliculus
Lower motor neuron nucleus of CN III. Innervates the medial rectus, inferior oblique, inferior rectus, superior rectus, and levator palpebrae.
Oculomotor Nucleus
Parasympathetic, preganglionic nucleus of CN III. Regulates pupillary light response through projections to the ciliary ganglion (post-ganglionic neurons innervate the sphincter pupillae). Also responsible for accommodation reflex.
Nucleus of Edinger-Westphal
Major midbrain site containing two portions: a pars compacta (containing dopaminergic neurons that project to the striatum) and a pars reticulata (containing neurons involved in saccades and visual tracking).
Substantia Nigra
Large midbrain nucleus receiving cerebellar info. Sends descending fibers down to the rostral spinal cord via the rubrospinal tract (an extrapyramidal tract), which may be important for upper-body flexor muscle control). Also has bi-directional communication with the reticular formation.
Red Nucleus
Descending fibers of voluntary motor control from the cortex and projecting to spinal cord (corticospinal and corticobulbar tracts). At the level of the midbrain, cortical input is ispilateral.
Crus Cerebri
Area surrounding the cerebral aqueduct that receives nociceptive info and projects to the serotonergic raphe nuclei as a part of a major pain-inhibiting pathway in the spinal cord.
Periaqueductal Grey
