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T3- Neuro > 1. Neurophysio Part 1 : electrical props and AP > Flashcards

1. Neurophysio Part 1 : electrical props and AP Flashcards

done

1
Q

_____ are made in the cell and located intracellularly. They produce a more neg charge in the cell

A

protein

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2
Q

There is ______ NRG created from the chem conc gradient

A

potential nrg

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3
Q

________: the membrane potential when there is a balance btw electrical and chem forces

A

equilibrium potential

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4
Q

What are two effects that equilibrium potential is dependent on

A
  1. intra/extrcellular ionic concentration

2. electrical charge of ion

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5
Q

equilibrium potential predicts (2)

A
  1. direction of ionic flow

2. DRIVING FORCE

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6
Q

the loss of K+ results in a ____ charge on the inner plasma membrane face

A

negative charge

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7
Q

______: when there is only 1 ion affecting membrane potential

A

reversal potential

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8
Q

Equil potential for K+ is ______mV

A

-87mV

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9
Q

** most of the cells RMP is determined by the equil potential for ____

A

K+

Bc of the leaky K+ channels

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10
Q

RMP values for most cells range from ___ to ___mV

A

-65mV to -95mV

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11
Q

RMP is related to the conc. of what three ions

A

Na+, K+, and Cl-

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12
Q

According to GHK, RMP is related to what 2 factors?

A

conc gradient of ions (Na+, K+, Cl-)

cells permeability to each

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13
Q

at RMP the cell is ___x more permeable for K than other ions

A

1000s

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14
Q

What are the two major forces acting on the movement of ions across the cell membrane

A
  • charge

- conc gradient

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15
Q

____ equation is used to determine the value of membrane potential when there is NO NET DIFFUSIOn of any 1 given ion

A

nernst equation

  • will give the electrical potential NRG for 1 ion
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16
Q

____ equation is used to determine the RMP when there is NO NET DIFFUSION of ALL ions across the cell membrane

A

GHK

  • gives the reversal potential
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17
Q

_____: the ionic flow that will occur once the channel opens

A

driving force

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18
Q

_____= RMP-equil. Potential

A

driving force

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19
Q

the larger the _____ , the faster the ionic current will travel

A

driving force

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20
Q

What are three channel types

A

leaky ions
ligand
voltage

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21
Q

** The _____ gated channel signal the ____ gated channel

A

ligand signal the voltage gated

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22
Q

Changes in membrane potential affect the props of _____

A

voltage gated

23
Q

when the membrane potential moves ____mV toward positive the voltage gated channel will open

A

20mV

24
Q

____ gated channels have an all or non mechanism

A

voltage gated

25
Q

_______: the current flow of voltage gated channels depolarize and further AP regeneration along the neuronal axon , repeats until it reaches the terminal

A

positive feedback loop

26
Q

Na+ channels use 2 mech to allow ionic flow across the membrane

A
  1. ligand gated channels (AcH)

2. voltage gated channels

27
Q

What is the neurotransmitter that is used to stim the ligand gated channel of Na+

A

AcH

28
Q

EPSP is due to ___ ions

A

Na+

29
Q

IPSP is due to ___ ions

A

Cl-

30
Q

______ ions cause hyperpolarization.

______ions cause depolarization

A 
Cl- = hyperpolar
Na+ = depolar
31
Q

How is a graded potential turned into an AP

A

summation

  • leakage in the membrane prevents EPSP from going straight into an AP
32
Q

The EPSP has to be summed to threshold at ___ to ___ mV above resting potential for a spike to occur= AP

A

15 to 20mV

33
Q

_____ : where the axon and the stoma meet. Has Na+ channels that can illiciate AP

A

axon hillock

34
Q

Voltage gated Na+ channels inactivated via _____ mechanism

A

ball and chain

- keeps the AP moving in one direction

35
Q

___ voltage gated channels only open after the cell has depolarized so much that the membrane is close to +30mV

A

K+

(overshoots)
- at this pt there is a driving force for K+ to move out so that it can go back to its equil of -90mV (repolarize)

36
Q

K+ equilibrium potential is ____ mV. When this membrane potential is reached the cell is said to be in ____

A

-90mV = Repolarization

37
Q

Na+/K+ ATPase pump begins working when it senses an increase in intracellular ____ conc

A

Na+

38
Q

____period: voltage gated Na+ channels woll not open, regardless of stim strength

A

absolute refractory period

39
Q

_____period: the voltage gated K+ channels have opened, the driving force for K+ to leave the cell is stronger than the driving force for Na+ to enter

A

relative refractory period

  • must have a very high Na+ stim for an AP to be acheiveable
40
Q

____: the degree to which ion channels are open for a given area on the cell membrane

A

conductance

41
Q

Conductance is the inverse of _____

A

resistance

42
Q

Ohm law equation

A

V= I x R

velocity = current X resistance

43
Q

greater resistance in the membrane than in the cytoplasm, the current will tens to flow through the ____rather than leak back out into the ___

A

flow through the cytoplasm
instead of back out into membrane

(path of least resistance)

44
Q

the fatter the axon, the ______ it has for ions to flow in

A

more area

45
Q

______ causes axons to conduct AP faster

A

myeline

46
Q

______: myelinates axons conduct AP faster than unmyelinates axons

A

saltatory conduction

47
Q

____ channels are used in vesicle binding and release of neurotransmitter

A

voltage gated Ca+2

48
Q

voltage gates Ca+2 channels are used in ___ binding and release of ____

A

vesicle binding and release of NT

49
Q

____ & ___ are docking proteins that tie vesicles to active zones

A

actin & synaptophysin

50
Q

Ca+2 causes ____ to contract, and bring vesicles forward to the membrane

A

actin

51
Q

2 actions that occur when there is a Ca+2 influx

A
  1. causes actin to contract - brings vesicles forward

2. activates Calmodulin, causes release of vesicle content into the cleft

52
Q

When Ca+2 binds to ____ , vesicle content is released into the cleft

A

calmodulin

53
Q

____ helps to withdraw vesicle components back into the synaptic cleft after Ca_2 binds to calmodulin

A

clathrin

54
Q

A ___ amt of NT is released for ea. AP

A

fixed

T3- Neuro (8 decks)

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