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T3- Neuro > 1. Intro to Neuro > Flashcards

1. Intro to Neuro Flashcards

S: 21

1
Q

3 fxn of the nervous system

A
  1. take in sensory info
  2. integrate info
  3. tell M and glands to respond
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2
Q

Sensory receptors tranduces NRG into ____ signals

A

electrochemical signals

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3
Q

Sensory input enters through the _____ nervous system. It acts as a go btw from the outside to the CNS

A

peripheral nervous system

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4
Q

_____ acts as the bridge btw the sensory neuron and motor neuron

A

assoc. neuron

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5
Q

What are the 2 parts of the peripheral nervous system

A

somatic (skeletal M)

Autonomic (smooth M/ visceral M)

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6
Q

Myelin wraps around ____ neurons

A

somatic motor neurons

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7
Q

_____ motor neurons is voluntary activity.

A

somatic motor neurons

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8
Q

Fxn of ACh and NE

A
  1. contraction of S.M or cardiac M

2. stim or inhibits glandular secretion

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9
Q

Name the two parts of the ANS

A

SP

PS

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10
Q

7 fxn of the PS ANS throughout the body

A
  1. constricts eye
  2. stim flow of siliva
  3. slows heart beat
  4. Constrict bronchi
  5. Stim peristalsis and secretion
  6. Stim release of bile
  7. Contracts bladder
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11
Q

8 fxn of the SP ANS throughout the body

A
  1. dialates eyes
  2. inhibits flow of saliva
  3. accelerates HR
  4. Dilates bronchi
  5. Inhibits peristalsis and secretion
  6. converts glycogen to glucose
  7. secretion of adrenaline and noradrenaline
  8. inhibits bladder constriction
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12
Q

_____: help to communicate with other cells. Increase surface area and lead to the soma

A

dendrite

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13
Q

____: the nucleus of a neuron is housed here

A

soma

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14
Q

_____: Where transcription, replication, and DNA repair occurs in neurons

A

Nucleus (Perikaryon)

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15
Q

_____: the fatty covering of an axon

A

myelin sheath

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16
Q

____ is myelin in the PNS

A

schwann cells

  • attach to a small portion of the axon
  • a bunch of schwann cells make up a myelin sheath
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17
Q

one _____ cell can myelinate many axons in the CNS

A

oligodendrocyte

  • in CNS
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18
Q

Bipolar neurons have : _____ & ___

A

1 major dendrite

1 axon

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19
Q

Multipolar neurons have : ___ & ___

A

alot of dendrite branches

1 axon

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20
Q

Pseudounipolar neurons have :

A

one axon : splits to go to the periphery & SC

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21
Q

Dorsal root neurons are _____polar

A

pseudounipolar

  • one axon that splits to go to the periphery and SC
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22
Q

____cyte have vascular processes that wrap around capillaries

A

astrocytes

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23
Q

____ are macrophages of the brain and SC

A

microglial cells

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24
Q

_____ are glia cells that delivery glucose, blood brain barrier, inflam response, ATP release and glutamate recycling

A

astrocytes ***

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25
______: are glia cells thatmyelinate axons in the CNS
oligodendrocytes
26
____: are glia cells that are immune respondants, and phagocytos
microglia
27
_____: are glia cells that help to produce and move cerebrospinal fluid through the brain . They line ventricles
ependymal cells
28
the ______ of a synpase is where vescicles are contained
active zone
29
_____ is the space that contains extracellular fluid within a synpase
synaptic cleft
30
_______: contain the neurotransmitters within the synpase in the active zone
synpatic vesicle
31
______: is where neurotransmitters are released from in the synapse
presynapse - postsynpase is where they bind
32
_____: is where neurotransmitters bind within the synapse
postsynapse
33
________: unmyelinated axons
gray matter (CNS)
34
_______: myelinated axons
white matter (CNS)
35
_____: cell bodies clustered together in the CNS
Nuclei
36
_____: axons clustered in the CNS
tracts
37
_____: cell bodies in the PNS
ganglion
38
_____: a collection of ganglia
plexus
39
_____: axons clustered in the PNS
nerves
40
2 characteristics of a nissl body
is a ribosome | unmyelinated
41
Neurons do not conti ____
divide | there is no mitosis after injury
42
____: cellular organism that has enzymes that break down waste materials and cellular debris
lysosomes
43
_____: contain ribosomes and are the site for protein synthesis
Nissl body
44
____& ___: are a major component of the neuronal cytoskeleton, and are believed to function primarily to provide structural support for the axon
neurofilaments and microtubules | act as a highway within the cell
45
Where are vessicles secreted from within the cell?
golgi complex
46
In neurons, ______ channels in the _____ mediate vesicle binding and release of neurotransmitter
voltage-gated Ca+2 channels in the axon terminal
47
What mediates vesicle binding and release of neurotransmitters
votage gated Ca+2 channels in the axon terminal
48
vesicles are tied to the active zones by _____
docking proteins | actin and synaptophysin
49
What are the docking proteins that vesicles are tied to the active zone by ?
actin and synaptophysin
50
_____ helps to withdraw vesicle components back from the synaptic cleft
clathrin
51
How do manufactured products of the neuron get from the cell body to the axon terminal
microtubules
52
Anterograded axonal transportation used the protein _____ to carry molec. from the nucleus to the periphery
kinesin
53
Retrograde axonal transpoation uses the protein ___ to carry the molec. from the periphery to the nucleus
dyensin | tie dye is retro
54
What type of cargo does kinesin carry through anterograde transport
synthesis of neurotransmitters and vesicles
55
what type of cargo does dyensin carry through retrograde axon tranportation
recycling of release material | growth factors
56
____ is a growth factor that helps nerves to growth and migrate through retrograde transport
Neurotrophins
57
Neurotrohins ae growth factors that help nerves to grow and migrate through ____ transport
retrograde transport
58
Neurons use ____ signals to communicate
chemical
59
in electrical synapses the cells are connected via _____
gap jxn
60
____ acts as a glue btw gap jxn
channel pores called "Connexins"

T3- Neuro (8 decks)

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