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T3- Neuro > 1. Intro to Neuro > Flashcards

1. Intro to Neuro Flashcards

S: 21

1
Q

3 fxn of the nervous system

A
  1. take in sensory info
  2. integrate info
  3. tell M and glands to respond
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2
Q

Sensory receptors tranduces NRG into ____ signals

A

electrochemical signals

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3
Q

Sensory input enters through the _____ nervous system. It acts as a go btw from the outside to the CNS

A

peripheral nervous system

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4
Q

_____ acts as the bridge btw the sensory neuron and motor neuron

A

assoc. neuron

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5
Q

What are the 2 parts of the peripheral nervous system

A

somatic (skeletal M)

Autonomic (smooth M/ visceral M)

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6
Q

Myelin wraps around ____ neurons

A

somatic motor neurons

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7
Q

_____ motor neurons is voluntary activity.

A

somatic motor neurons

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8
Q

Fxn of ACh and NE

A
  1. contraction of S.M or cardiac M

2. stim or inhibits glandular secretion

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9
Q

Name the two parts of the ANS

A

SP

PS

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10
Q

7 fxn of the PS ANS throughout the body

A
  1. constricts eye
  2. stim flow of siliva
  3. slows heart beat
  4. Constrict bronchi
  5. Stim peristalsis and secretion
  6. Stim release of bile
  7. Contracts bladder
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11
Q

8 fxn of the SP ANS throughout the body

A
  1. dialates eyes
  2. inhibits flow of saliva
  3. accelerates HR
  4. Dilates bronchi
  5. Inhibits peristalsis and secretion
  6. converts glycogen to glucose
  7. secretion of adrenaline and noradrenaline
  8. inhibits bladder constriction
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12
Q

_____: help to communicate with other cells. Increase surface area and lead to the soma

A

dendrite

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13
Q

____: the nucleus of a neuron is housed here

A

soma

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14
Q

_____: Where transcription, replication, and DNA repair occurs in neurons

A

Nucleus (Perikaryon)

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15
Q

_____: the fatty covering of an axon

A

myelin sheath

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16
Q

____ is myelin in the PNS

A

schwann cells

  • attach to a small portion of the axon
  • a bunch of schwann cells make up a myelin sheath
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17
Q

one _____ cell can myelinate many axons in the CNS

A

oligodendrocyte

  • in CNS
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18
Q

Bipolar neurons have : _____ & ___

A

1 major dendrite

1 axon

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19
Q

Multipolar neurons have : ___ & ___

A

alot of dendrite branches

1 axon

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20
Q

Pseudounipolar neurons have :

A

one axon : splits to go to the periphery & SC

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21
Q

Dorsal root neurons are _____polar

A

pseudounipolar

  • one axon that splits to go to the periphery and SC
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22
Q

____cyte have vascular processes that wrap around capillaries

A

astrocytes

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23
Q

____ are macrophages of the brain and SC

A

microglial cells

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24
Q

_____ are glia cells that delivery glucose, blood brain barrier, inflam response, ATP release and glutamate recycling

A

astrocytes ***

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25
Q

______: are glia cells thatmyelinate axons in the CNS

A

oligodendrocytes

26
Q

____: are glia cells that are immune respondants, and phagocytos

A

microglia

27
Q

_____: are glia cells that help to produce and move cerebrospinal fluid through the brain . They line ventricles

A

ependymal cells

28
Q

the ______ of a synpase is where vescicles are contained

A

active zone

29
Q

_____ is the space that contains extracellular fluid within a synpase

A

synaptic cleft

30
Q

_______: contain the neurotransmitters within the synpase in the active zone

A

synpatic vesicle

31
Q

______: is where neurotransmitters are released from in the synapse

A

presynapse

  • postsynpase is where they bind
32
Q

_____: is where neurotransmitters bind within the synapse

A

postsynapse

33
Q

________: unmyelinated axons

A

gray matter (CNS)

34
Q

_______: myelinated axons

A

white matter (CNS)

35
Q

_____: cell bodies clustered together in the CNS

A

Nuclei

36
Q

_____: axons clustered in the CNS

A

tracts

37
Q

_____: cell bodies in the PNS

A

ganglion

38
Q

_____: a collection of ganglia

A

plexus

39
Q

_____: axons clustered in the PNS

A

nerves

40
Q

2 characteristics of a nissl body

A

is a ribosome

unmyelinated

41
Q

Neurons do not conti ____

A

divide

there is no mitosis after injury

42
Q

____: cellular organism that has enzymes that break down waste materials and cellular debris

A

lysosomes

43
Q

_____: contain ribosomes and are the site for protein synthesis

A

Nissl body

44
Q

____& ___: are a major component of the neuronal cytoskeleton, and are believed to function primarily to provide structural support for the axon

A

neurofilaments and microtubules

act as a highway within the cell

45
Q

Where are vessicles secreted from within the cell?

A

golgi complex

46
Q

In neurons, ______ channels in the _____ mediate vesicle binding and release of neurotransmitter

A

voltage-gated Ca+2 channels

in the axon terminal

47
Q

What mediates vesicle binding and release of neurotransmitters

A

votage gated Ca+2 channels in the axon terminal

48
Q

vesicles are tied to the active zones by _____

A

docking proteins

actin and synaptophysin

49
Q

What are the docking proteins that vesicles are tied to the active zone by ?

A

actin and synaptophysin

50
Q

_____ helps to withdraw vesicle components back from the synaptic cleft

A

clathrin

51
Q

How do manufactured products of the neuron get from the cell body to the axon terminal

A

microtubules

52
Q

Anterograded axonal transportation used the protein _____ to carry molec. from the nucleus to the periphery

A

kinesin

53
Q

Retrograde axonal transpoation uses the protein ___ to carry the molec. from the periphery to the nucleus

A

dyensin

tie dye is retro

54
Q

What type of cargo does kinesin carry through anterograde transport

A

synthesis of neurotransmitters and vesicles

55
Q

what type of cargo does dyensin carry through retrograde axon tranportation

A

recycling of release material

growth factors

56
Q

____ is a growth factor that helps nerves to growth and migrate through retrograde transport

A

Neurotrophins

57
Q

Neurotrohins ae growth factors that help nerves to grow and migrate through ____ transport

A

retrograde transport

58
Q

Neurons use ____ signals to communicate

A

chemical

59
Q

in electrical synapses the cells are connected via _____

A

gap jxn

60
Q

____ acts as a glue btw gap jxn

A

channel pores called “Connexins”

T3- Neuro (8 decks)

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