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Imaging > Neuro Imaging > Flashcards

Neuro Imaging Flashcards

1
Q

frontal/coronal viewing how

A

looking at the patient from the front/back

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2
Q

sagittal viewing how

A

looking at the patient from a lateral view

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3
Q

axial/transverse/horizontal viewing how

A

looking at the patient from the top/bottom

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4
Q

CT findings are what

A

densities

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5
Q

white on CT =

A

higher density than the brain
hyperdense
bone

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6
Q

black on CT =

A

lower density than the brain
hypodense
air, CSF

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7
Q

gray’ish on CT =

A

moderate density
isodense
brain

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8
Q

artifact

A

either motion or metallic objects

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9
Q

blurring =

A

motion
unable to follow commands to stay still

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10
Q

streaking =

A

metallic objects

metal tooth fillings
aneurysm metal coiling/clips

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11
Q

what will u see in a posterior fossa cuts

A

level of 4th ventricle
tentorial

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12
Q

what will u see in a supratentorial cuts

A

3rd ventricular level
lateral ventricular level
above the ventricular level

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13
Q

what will you see at the level of the 4th ventricle with a posterior fossa cut

A

dorsum sellae
basilar artery
temporal lobe
mastoid air cells
4th ventricle
cerebellum

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14
Q

what will you see with a tentorial slice with a posterior fossa cut

A

frontal sinus
frontal lobe
sylvian fissure
suprasellar cistern
temporal lobe
midbrain
4th ventricle

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15
Q

what will you see at the level of the 3rd ventricular level with a supratentorial cut

A

frontal sinus
falx cerebri
frontal lobe
3rd ventricle
temporal lobe
quadrigeminal plate cistern

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16
Q

what will you see at the level of the lateral ventricular level with a supratentorial cut

A

ant horn of lateral ventricle
caudate nucleus
anterior limb of int capsule
globus pallidus and putamen
posterior limb of int cap
choroid plexus
quadrigeminal plate cistern

falx cerebri
ant horn of lateral ventricle
thalamus
post horn of lat vent

17
Q

what will you see at the level of the about the lateral ventricular level with a supratentorial cut

A

frontal bone
falx cerebri
parietal bone

18
Q

subdural/soft tissue window

A

hypodense water/air is black
isodense brain tissue is gray
hyperdense bone is white

19
Q

bone window

A

isodense brain tissue is gray
hyperdense bone is white

20
Q

non-contrast CT rules out what

A

hemorrhage - gold standard

21
Q

what is the sensitivity reports for a non-contrast head CT

A

poor sensitivty to show early ischemic changes - need >12hr

nearly 100% sensitivity for intracranial hemorrhage (ICH)

22
Q

when is CT superior to MRI?

A

evaluating osseous structures - skull fx
MORE concerning if “depressed” skull fx

23
Q

if ischemic stroke what will it look like on CT

A

loss of gray-white distinction
loss of sulci - smooshed gyri
hypodensity over time - hours to days

24
Q

if hemorrhagic stroke what will it look like on CT

A

hyperdense blood infiltrates brain tissue

25
Q

non-contrast CT most often used for what

A

evaluation of neurosurgical emergencies
hemorrhage
herniatic
hydrocephalus

26
Q

contrast CT

A

improves sensitivity for detecting neoplasms or infections

27
Q

what are u looking for with contrast CT

A

things that alter the permeability of the BBB
intact BBB should not leak contrast into brain tissue

28
Q

contraindications for head MRIs

A

pacemakers/simulators
some jt replacements
staples, wires, clips, shrapnel
cochlear implants
IUDs
piercings
some tattoos - esp blue/black ink

29
Q

T1 MRI

A

most anatomically relevant images

30
Q

T1 MRI fluid is -

A

dark

31
Q

T1 MRI gray matter is -

A

darker than white matter

32
Q

T1 MRI bone is -

A

bright

33
Q

T2 MRI

A

standard addition to T1

34
Q

T2 MRI fluid is -

A

bright

WW2 - water is white in T2

35
Q

T2 MRI gray matter is -

A

brighter than white matter

36
Q

T2 MRI bone is -

A

dark

37
Q

FLAIR

A

fluid attenuation inversion recovery
similar to T2 - fluid is dark

38
Q

when is FLAIR useful

A

areas of edema/inflammation pathology

Imaging (21 decks)

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