Neuro Dysfunction of the Newborn

Question 1

what is the #1 sign of neuro injurys

Answer 1

high pitch cry

Question 2

generalized edema across the head

Answer 2

caput succedaneum

crosses suture lines

Question 3

localized edema at one or two sides

Answer 3

cephalohematoma

does NOT cross suture lines

Question 4

want _____ to be born ________ because of increased risk for head ______

Answer 4

preterm; c-section; injury

Question 5

how can you tell if a neonate is having a seizure

Answer 5

if jerky and put hands on them and they don’t stop

- drop in HR and O2

Question 6

what is the drug of choice for seizures in neonates

Answer 6

phenobarbital (IV or PO)

Question 7

condition caused by imbalance in production and absorption of CSF in ventricular system

Answer 7

hydrocephalus

Question 8

what is the difference between communicating and non-communicating hydrocephalus

Answer 8

non- communicating has an obstruction (brain tumor) and ventricles do NOT communicate

Question 9

when does the posterior fontanel close

Answer 9

1-2mos

Question 10

when does the anterior fontanel close

Answer 10

12-18mos

Question 11

when does the suture lines close

Answer 11

18mos

Question 12

what is the biggest complaint among parents of those who have hydrocephalus kids

Answer 12

personality changes

Question 13

post op for VP shunt should include

Answer 13

keep flat for 12-24hrs

measure FOC

Question 14

what are S/S of shunt malfunction

Answer 14

N/V, HA, lethargy, change in behavior

Question 15

what are S/S of shunt infection

Answer 15

fever, vomiting, poor vomiting, seizure, change in behavior

Question 16

the shunt pt should contact PCP no matter what when they have a

Answer 16

fever

Question 17

for the shunt pt, what can they NOT due (for life)

Answer 17

play contact sports

Question 18

50% of what cases can be prevented with 0.4mg of folic acid intake daily

Answer 18

spina bifida

Question 19

failure of neural tube to close in utero

Answer 19

spina bifida (by week 4, neuro tube should close)

Question 20

what are the 2 types of spina bifida

Answer 20

occult and cystica

Question 21

defect is visible externally

• meningiocele
• myelomeningocele

Answer 21

spina bifida cystica

Question 22

defect not visible externally

spinal vertebrae does NOT completely encase spinal cord

Answer 22

spina bifida occult

Question 23

signs of spina bifida occult

Answer 23

skin dimple
tuft of hair
depression of skin
port wine nevi

Question 24

encases meninges and spinal fluid

NOT associated with neuro defect

Answer 24

meningocele

Question 25

encases meninges, spinal fluid, and nerves
generally see neuro defect
baby needs to be prone

Answer 25

myelomeningocele

Question 26

pre op care of spina bifida cystica

Answer 26

sterile, moist, non adherent dressing (changed q2-4hrs)
measure FOC
keep prone
prevent fecal contamination
NO rectal temps
report CSF immediately

Question 27

post op care of spina bifida cystica

Answer 27

prone
monitor FOC
no rectal temps
use latex free cart
teach how to straight cath

Question 28

most serious neural tube defect

both hemispheres are absent

Answer 28

anencephaly

Question 29

what neuro defect should you perform total body cooling

Answer 29

hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy

Question 30

mom will report baby not moving in utero, the worse the pt gets the worse the s/s

Answer 30

hypoxic- ischemic encephalopathy