Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

HEALTH ASSESSMENT > Neuro Assessment > Flashcards

Neuro Assessment Flashcards

1
Q

What ate the common symptoms for nervous system assessment

A
  • headache
  • mental status change
  • dizziness, vertigo, syncope
  • numbness or loss of sensation
  • deficits of 5 senses
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

It is the most common symptom

A

Headache

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Headache pain may be mild or severe, acute or chronic, localized or generalized

_____ of HA - benign in nature (muscle contraction or vascular)
______ - pathology (genes)

may be a symptom of a serious medical problem

A
  • 90
  • 10
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

early indication of a change in neurologic status.

A

MENTAL STATUS CHANGE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Mental status change begin slowly as ______, ________, ________

A
  • forgetfulness
  • memory loss
  • inability to concentrate
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the causes of mental status change

A

-neurologic problems,
- fluid & electrolyte imbalance,
-hypoxia,
- low perfusion state,
- nutritional deficiencies,
-infections,
- renal & liver disease,
- hyper or hypothermia,
- trauma,
- medications, & drug & alcohol abuse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

It is the fainting sensation

A

Dizziness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Type of vertigo where the surrounding is spinning around

A

Objective vertigo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Type of vertigo where the person is spinning around

A

Subjective vertigo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Dizziness can lead to _____

A

Syncope

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

It is the temporary loss of consciousness. “Blacked out” “had a spell”

A

Syncope

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

It is the numbing or tingling sensation

A

Paresthesia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the causes of paresthesia

A
  • diabetes
  • neurologic
  • metabolic
  • CV
  • renal
  • inflammatory
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Smell - _____

Visual acuity, pupillary constriction, extraocular movement (EOM)
-_______; _______;_______; _______

Taste -_______;_______

Hearing -______

Touch -________

A
  • 1 Olfactory
  • 2 optic, 3 oculomotor, 4 trochlear, 6 abducens
  • 7 facial, 9 glossopharyngeal
  • 8 acoustic
  • 5 trigeminal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the 7 types of examination for the neurological system

A
  • level of functioning
  • mental status
  • sensation
  • cranial nerves
  • motor function
  • cerebral function
  • reflexes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the areas focused on level of functioning

A
  • level of consciousness
  • assessing orientation
  • memory
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Terms used to describe the level of consciousness

A
  • alert
  • lethargic
  • stuporous
  • comatose
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

_______- tollows commands in a timely fashion
______ Appears drowsy, may drift to sleep

________- requires vigorous stimulation (shaking, shouting) for a response

________ - does not respond appropriately to either verbal or painful stimuli

A

Alter
Lethargic
Stuporous
Comatose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the scale used for comatose pt

A

Glasgow coma scale

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

_______ abnormal position of the arms with legs extended & internally rotated & feet plantar flexed

A

ominous sign (poor prognosis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Arms are flexed chest & hands are clenched & internally rotated

A

• Decorticate (flexion posturing)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Arms are extended the hands are clenched & hyperpronated

A

• Decerebrate (extension posturing)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are asked in assessing the orientation of a person

A
  • time
  • place
  • person
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What must be checked during mental status

A
  • Known brain lesion(stroke, tumor, trauma)
  • Suspected brain lesion(new seizures, headaches)
  • Memory deficits
  • Confusion
  • Vague Behavioral complaints(by significant others)
  • Aphasia - inability to communicate
  • Irritability
  • Emotional lability - rapid exaggerated changes in mood
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Assessing the sensation is divided into 3 sections what are those

A
  • exteroceptive sensation
  • proprioceptive sensation
  • cortical sensation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

• superficial sensations that originate in the skin and mucuos membranes.

Ex_______, _______ and________

A
  • exteroceptive sensation
  • light touch, superficial pain, temp
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Assessment of motor function involves assessing for______,________,________,_________, ________

A
  • muscle size
  • muscle strength
  • muscle tone
  • muscle coordination
  • gait and movement
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

The __________ is performed in patients with neurological signs or symptoms of cerebellar pathology, for example: dizziness, loss of balance, or poor co-ordination.

A

cerebellar examination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

_______ are performed as part of a neurological exam, either a mini-exam done to quickly confirm integrity of the ______ or a more complete exam performed to diagnose the presence and location of spinal cord injury or neuromuscular disease

A
  • Reflex tests
  • spinal cord
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

______ - Inability to recognize object
Sight (________)
Touch (________)
Hearing (________ )

A
  • Agnosia
  • visual agnosia
  • tactile agnosia
  • auditory agnosia
31
Q

complete or partial loss of voluntary muscle movement

A

Akinesia

32
Q

absence or impairment of ability to communicate through speech, writing, or signs

A

Aphasia

33
Q

inability to express language even though person knows what he wants to say
- Also known as Broca’s or motor aphasia; Frontal lobe affected

A

Expressive (motor) aphasia

34
Q

words can be spoken but are used incorrectly.

A

Fluent aphasia

35
Q

slow deliberate speech, few words

A

Nonfluent aphasia

36
Q

inability to comprehend spoken or written words ( also known as Wernicke’s or sensory aphasia

A

Receptive (sensory) aphasia

37
Q

inability carry out learned sequential movements or commands

A

Apraxia

38
Q

inability to name object verbally, so patient talks around object or uses gesture to define it

A

Circumlocution

39
Q

defective speech; inability to articulate words; impairment of tongue & other muscles needed for speech

A

Dysarthria

40
Q

impaired or difficult speech

A

Dysphasia

41
Q

_________ difficulty with quality of voice; hoarseness

________
made-up, nonsense, meaningless words

A

Dysphonia
Neologism

42
Q

one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders of childhood.

A

ADHD (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder)

43
Q

What are the causes of ADHD

A

CAUSES
- Brain injury
- Exposure to environmental risks (e.g., lead) during pregnancy or at a young age
- Alcohol and tobacco use during pregnancy
- Premature delivery
- Low birth weight

44
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of ADHD

A

A child with ADHD might:
1. daydream a lot
2. forget or lose things a lot
3. squirm or fidget
4. talk too much
5. make careless mistakes or take unnecessary risks
6. have a hard time resisting temptation
7. have trouble taking turns
8. have difficulty getting along with others

45
Q

How to manage people of children with ADHD

  1. Developing _______ such as eating plenty of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains and choosing lean protein sources
  2. Participating in daily ______ based on age
  3. _______ the amount of daily screen time from TVs, computers, phones, and other electronics
  4. Getting the recommended amount of _______ each night based on
A
  • healthy eating habits
  • physical activity
  • Limiting
  • sleep
46
Q

• A ________ is a headache that can cause severe throbbing pain or a pulsing sensation, usually on one side of the head.

A
  • migraine
47
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of migraine

  1. Pain usually on _____ of your head, but often on both sides
  2. Pain that______ or ______
  3. Sensitivity to______, sound, and sometimes smell and touch
    4._______ and_____
A
  • one side
  • throbs, pulses
  • light
  • nausea, vomiting
48
Q

WHEN MIGRAINE NEEDS MEDICAL HELP
1. An abrupt, severe headache like a_______.
2. _______[ with fever, stiff neck, confusion, seizures, double vision, numbness or weakness in any part of the body, which could be a sign of a stroke
3. Headache after a_______
4. A_______ that is worse after coughing, exertion, straining or a sudden movement
5. New_______ after age 50

A
  • thunderclaps
  • headache
  • head injury
  • chronic headache
  • headache pain
49
Q

What are the risk factors of migraine

A
  • sex
  • age
  • family history
  • other medical conditions
50
Q

What are the trigger factors of migraine

A
  • hormone changes
  • stress
  • foods
  • skipping meals
  • caffeine
  • changes in weather
  • senses
  • medications
  • physical activity
  • tobacco
  • changes to your sleep
51
Q

How to treat migraines

TREATMENT
Home remedies
You may ease migraine symptoms by:
1.______ with your eyes closed in a______ and ______ room
2. Putting a_______ or ice pack on your forehead
3. _______ plenty of liquids.

A
  • resting, dark, quiet
  • cool compress, ice pack
  • drink
52
Q

• It is a progressive disease beginning with mild memory loss and possibly leading to loss of the ability to carry on a conversation and respond to the environment.

A

ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE

53
Q
  • the impaired ability to remember, think, or make decisions that interferes with doing everyday activities.
  • Alzheimer’s is the most common example of ______
A

DEMENTIA

54
Q

What causes Alzheimer’s disease

It is caused by the abnormal build-up of______ in and around brain cells.

• One of the proteins involved is called______, deposits of which form plaques around brain cells.

The other protein is called ______, deposits of which form tangles within brain cells.

A
  • proteins
  • amyloid
  • tau
55
Q

What is the 7 early signs of alzheimer

EARLY SIGNS
1.______ that affects daily life. …
2. Loss of _______ ability. …
3._______ about times and places. …
4. ________ with language. …
5. _______ things. …
6. Poor _______. …
7. _______ changes.

A
  • memory loss
  • problem solving
  • confusion
  • limitations
  • misplacing
  • judgement
  • personality
56
Q

HOME TREATMENT
Tips for Everyday Care for People With Dementia/Alzheimer’s

  1. Try to keep a_______, such as bathing, dressing, and eating at the same time each day.
  2. Help the person write down______, appointments, and events in a notebook or calendar.
    3.________ that the person enjoys and try to do them at the same time each day.
A
  • routine
  • to-do list
  • plan activities
57
Q

• brain disorder that causes unintended or uncontrollable movements, such as shaking, stiffness, and difficulty with balance and coordination.

A

PARKINSON’S DISEASE

58
Q

What are the causes of parkinson’s disease

CAUSES
- This is caused by a loss of nerve cells in the part of the brain called the ______
• Nerve cells in this part of the brain are responsible for producing a chemical called _______.

A
  • substantia nigra
  • dopamine
59
Q

4 Main Symptoms: of Parkinson’s
1._____ in hands, arms, legs, jaw, or head.
2._____, where muscle remains contracted for a lon time.
3._______ of particular parts of the body (tremor)
4._______

A
  • tremor
  • muscle stiffness
  • involuntary shaking
  • slow movement
60
Q
  • is the recognition of movements drawn on the skin
A

Stereognosis

61
Q
  • the recognition of solid objects through touch.
A

Graphestesia

62
Q
  • is the ability to discem that two nearby objects touching the skin are truly two distinct points, not one
A

Two-point Discrimination

63
Q
  • the individual’s ability to perceive two simultaneous light touches
A

Extinction

64
Q

• deep sensations, with sensory receptors in the muscles, joints, tendons and ligaments)
•it is tested with the modalities of motion and position

A

Proprioceptive sensations

65
Q

• those that require cerebral integrative and discriminative abilities.

A

Cortical Sensations

66
Q

What type of sensation test is used with the modalities of motion and position

A

Proprioceptive

67
Q

2 parts of central nervous system

A

brain & spinal cord

68
Q

control centers of heart and lungs

A

medulla oblungata

69
Q

bridge between prarts of nervous system

A

pons

70
Q

3 section of sensation

A

exteroceptive sensation
proprioceptive sensation
cortical sensation

71
Q

examples of cortical sensation

A

Stereognosis (movements)
Graphestesia (solid)
Two point discrimination (two obj)
Extinction (two simultaneous LIGHT touch)

72
Q

3 caregory of glasgow coma scale

A

eye opening
verbal
motor

73
Q

4 common neurologic disorders

A

adhd
migraine
alzheimer
parkinsons

HEALTH ASSESSMENT (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions