Neuro Flashcards
Branches of Internal Carotid Artery
Ant. Cerebral Artery Middle Cerebral Artery Post. Communicating Artery Ant. Choroidal Artery Opthalmic Artery
What is the function of the epithalamus.
To connect the limbic system to other parts of the brain.
The secretion of melatonin gland by the pineal gland (involved in circadian rhythms)
Regulation of motor pathways and emotions.
Function of brainstem
controls the flow of messages between the brain and the rest of the body,
basic body functions such as;
breathing, swallowing, heart rate, blood pressure, consciousness, pain sensitivity control, alertness, awareness, and consciousness
What is the Insula
A portion of the cerebral cortex folded deep within the lateral sulcus (covered by the operculum which is formed from parts of the frontal, parietal and temporal lobes)
It’s involved in consciousness and linked to emotion and homeostasis
What is Wernicke’s area
The posterior section of the superior temporal gurus (area 22) in the dominant hemisphere
It is involved in the comprehension or understanding of written and spoken language
What is Broca’s area
Area 44 and 45 of the brain in the dominant hemisphere of the brain (posterior section of the Inferior frontal gyrus)
Responsible for the production of speech.
What organism causes syphilis
Treponema Pallidum
What is Dysdiadochokenesia
The impaired ability to perform rapid, alternating movements
What is Radiculopathy
Damage to one or more nerves at the level of the nerve root Can cause; (Radicular) pain Numbness Weakness Difficulty controlling certain muscles
What is Normal pressure hydrocephallus
A type of brain malfunction caused by the expansion of the lateral ventricles Symptoms include; Urinary Incontinence Dementia Gait Problems
Examination findings present in Gullain Barre syndrome not present in Myasthenia gravis
Areflexia
Sensory loss
Muscle wasting
Examination findings present in Myasthenia gravis but not MND
Ptosis
Opthalmoplegia
Fatiguability (varying severity from hour to hour)
Signs/symptoms associated with MND
Fasciculation
Wasting spasticity
Extensor plantar reflexes
Upper motor neurone signs
Where does the pyramidal tract originate from?
Originates in frontal lobe, precentral gyrus (area4?)
Where does pyrimidal tract cross to the opposite side
In the lower part of the medulla at the decussation of the pyramids
