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Anatomy 403 > NEURO 5 > Flashcards

NEURO 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Olfactory receptors in epithelium

A

Bipolar neurons, CN 1

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2
Q

Olfactory cells

A

Olfactory receptors
Supporting cells
Basal cells

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3
Q

End of olfactory nerves

A

Olfactory bulb

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4
Q

Olfactory projections

A

1ary olfactory cortex in temporal lobe
Project to limbic system and hypothalamus
BYPASS thalamus

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5
Q

Gustatory receptors taste

A

Sour, sweet, bitter, salty, umami

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6
Q

Taste bud location

A

Tongue, epithelium, epiglottis, soft palate, pharynx

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7
Q

Taste bud cells

A

Sensory cells (not neurons)
Supporting cells
Basal cells

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8
Q

Papillae

A

Taste buds form here

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9
Q

Circumvallate papillae

A

Posterior V near back of throat

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10
Q

Fungiform papillae

A

Scattered all over tongue in groups of 5

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11
Q

Foliate papillae

A

Margins of tongue, go away after childhood

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12
Q

Filiform papillae

A

Roughness of tongue, sense textures of food

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13
Q

Taste CN

A

Anterior 2/3 = facial (7)
Posterior 1/3 = glossopharyngeal (9)
Throat & epiglottis = vagus (10)

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14
Q

Outer fibrous layer of eye

A

Dense collagen CT
Sclera
Cornea

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15
Q

Sclera

A

Whites of eyes, shape of eye, muscle attachments

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16
Q

Cornea

A

Main refractory aspect of eye, avascular

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17
Q

Intermediate vascular layer of eye

A

Choroid
Ciliary body
Ciliary process
Ciliary muscles
Zonular fibers
Iris
Lens

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18
Q

Choroid

A

Highly vascularized, pigmented

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19
Q

Ciliary body

A

Anterior portion

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20
Q

Ciliary processes

A

Secrete aqueous humor and vitreous humor

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21
Q

Zonular fibers

A

Oppose ciliary muscles, change lens shape

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22
Q

Ciliary muscle

A

Change tension on zonular fibers
Contain constrictor pupillae and dilator pupillae

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23
Q

Contraction of ciliary muscles

A

Zonular fibers relax, lens thickens, near vision

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24
Q

Relaxation of ciliary muscles

A

Zonular fibers constrict, lens thins, far vision

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25
Constrictor pupillae
Constrict, circle around iris, parasympathetic innervation
26
Dilator pupillae
Dilate, radial around iris, sympathetic innervation
27
Iris
Colored part of eye, controls pupil size
28
Lens
Made up of crystalline, refractive
29
Inner neural layer of eye
3 layers separated by 2 zones Photoreceptor, bipolar, ganglion layers Outer and inner plexiform
30
Photoreceptor layer
Contains rods and cones, detects light, near back of eye
31
Bipolar layer
Relay to ganglion Contain horizontal and amacrine cells
32
Ganglion layer
Output to thalamus, becomes optic nerve, exits at optic disc
33
Optic nerve
Travels with ophthalmic artery and central retinal vein
34
Retina
Pigment and neural layer Covers 3/4 of back of eye Contains macula lutea
35
Macula lutea
Yellow spot with less blood vessels
36
Fovea
Within macula lutes, only cones, highest acuity
37
Interior of eye
2 fluid filled cavities, separated by lens
38
Anterior cavity
Between cornea and lens Made up of two chambers
39
Anterior chamber of anterior cavity
Between cornea and lens, aqueous humor flows thru
40
Posterior chamber of anterior cavity
Behind iris, before lens
41
Aqueous humor
Made in cilliary processes Flows thru iris, lens, pupil, anterior chamber and drains into scleral venous sinus
42
Vitreous humor
Made in ciliary process, supports lens
43
Visual pathways
Cornea Lens Photoreceptors Ganglion Retina Optic nerve Optic chiasm Optic tract Thalamus - LGN Primary visual cortex
44
External ear
Collects sound Made up of auricle/pinna = cartilage Contains cerumen = earwax Opening of internal acoustic meatus Ends at tympanic membrane
45
Middle ear
Conveys vibration Air filled cavity Contains ossicles Contains 2 muscles Contains auditory/Eustachian tube
46
Ossicles
Malleus, incus, stapes Joined by synovial joint
47
Stapes
Fits into oval window
48
Tensor tympani
Limit movement, increase tension (CN5)
49
Stapedius
Dampens vibration, protects oval window (CN7)
50
Internal ear
Receptors for hearing and equilibrium Outer bony labyrinth and inner membranous labyrinth Cochlea
51
Outer bony labyrinth
Lined with periosteum and perilymph
52
Inner membranous labyrinth
Tubes filled with endolymph
53
Cochlea
Contains 3 tubes Cochlear duct/scala media Scala vestiboli Scala tympani
54
Cochlear duct/scala media
Filled with endolymph Separated from scala vestibuli by vestibular membrane
55
Scala vestibuli
Ends at oval window, perilymph Separated from scala media by vestibular membrane Separated from scala tympani by basilar membrane
56
Scala tympani
Ends at round window, perilymph Separated from scala vestibuli by basilar membrane
57
Auditory pathway (within ear)
External ear Eardrum Ossicles Oval window Scala vestibuli Scala tympani Cochlear duct Basilar membrane Round window
58
Inner hair cells
Contained in basilar membrane, synapse with neurons Microvilli been and hit tectorial membrane, release neurotransmitter
59
Outer hair cells
Amplify
60
Pitch
Site on basilar membrane
61
Loudness
Amplitude
62
Basilar membrane
Hi frequency, hi pitch, stiff, smaller end Lo frequency, lo pitch, flexible, wider end
63
Auditory pathway (neural)
Inner hair cells Spiral ganglion Cochlear nuclei in brain stem Thalamus (MGN) 1ary auditory cortex
64
Vestibular sense
Involves saccule, utricle, semicircular canals Sense static and dynamic equilibrium
65
Otolithic membrane
Made up of glycoproteins and and otoliths (calcium carbonate stones) Sits on top of hair cells
66
Movement of otoliths and membranes
Signal vestibular ganglion
67
Maculae
Within utricle and saccule Hair cells with stereo cilia and kinocilium
68
Semicircular canals
90 degrees to each other Determine acceleration Contain cupular cap which bends hair cells Contain endolymph
69
Vestibular pathway
Hair cells Vestibular ganglion Vestibular nuclei in brain stem Thalamus (VPN) 1ary sensory cortex

Anatomy 403 (13 decks)

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