NEURAL SIGNALING Flashcards
animal’s ___________ system transmit information (stimuli) into the spinal cord and the brain
NERVOUS
two major composition of the NERVOUS SYSTEM
NEURONS
GLIAL CELLS
this system works with the nervous system to regulate many processes
the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
a multidisciplinary area of research that studies the cells of the nervous system and its organization
NEUROBIOLOGY
these depend on information transfer by neural networks
responses to stimuli
NEURAL SIGNALING involves four processes:
> RECEPTION of a stimulus by SENSORY RECEPTORS
TRANSMISSION to/from the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM along AFFERENT/EFFERENT NEURONS
INTEGRATION of information in the CNS by INTERNEURONS
ACTION by EFFECTORS (muscles or glands)
a part of the nervous system that is composed of sensory receptors and afferent and efferent neurons
PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (PNS)
neurons that transmit information from sensory receptors to the CNS
AFFERENT/SENSORY NEURONS
neurons that carry signals from the CNS to skeletal muscle
EFFERENT/MOTOR NEURONS
two highly specialized cells designed to receive and transmit electrical signals called NERVE IMPULSES or ACTION POTENTIAL
NEURONS AND GLIAL CELLS
3 major parts of a NEURON
CELL BODY
DENDRITES
AXON
part of a NEURON where the bulk of the cytoplasm and the nucleus can be seen
CELL BODY
part of a NEURON that are highly branched processes specialized to receive stimuli and send signals to the cell body
DENDRITES
the _________ integrates incoming signals
CELL BODY
part of a NEURON that is a long cytoplasmic process that conducts nerve impulses away from the cell body to another neuron, muscle or gland
AXON
the axon can divide into what
AXON COLLATERALS
at its end, the axon forms many branches called ______________, the end in SYNAPTIC (AXON) TERMINALS
TERMINAL BRANCHES
these release NEUROTRANSMITTERS that transmit signals from one neuron to another (or to an effector)
SYNAPTIC TERMINALS
SYNAPTIC TERMINALS release these that transmit signals from one neuron to another (or to an effector)
NEUROTRANSMITTERS
the junction between a synaptic terminal and another neuron or effector
SYNAPSE
axons outside the CNS are surrounded by _____________, which wrap their plasma membrane into the axon, creating the MYELIN SHEATH
SCHWANN CELLS
gaps in the myelin sheath or ______________ between Schwann cells are not insulated by myelin
NODES OF RANVIER
