NEURAL SIGNALING

Question 1

animal’s ___________ system transmit information (stimuli) into the spinal cord and the brain

Answer 1

NERVOUS

Question 2

two major composition of the NERVOUS SYSTEM

Answer 2

NEURONS

GLIAL CELLS

Question 3

this system works with the nervous system to regulate many processes

Answer 3

the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

Question 4

a multidisciplinary area of research that studies the cells of the nervous system and its organization

Answer 4

NEUROBIOLOGY

Question 5

these depend on information transfer by neural networks

Answer 5

responses to stimuli

Question 6

NEURAL SIGNALING involves four processes:

Answer 6

> RECEPTION of a stimulus by SENSORY RECEPTORS
TRANSMISSION to/from the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM along AFFERENT/EFFERENT NEURONS
INTEGRATION of information in the CNS by INTERNEURONS
ACTION by EFFECTORS (muscles or glands)

Question 7

a part of the nervous system that is composed of sensory receptors and afferent and efferent neurons

Answer 7

PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (PNS)

Question 8

neurons that transmit information from sensory receptors to the CNS

Answer 8

AFFERENT/SENSORY NEURONS

Question 9

neurons that carry signals from the CNS to skeletal muscle

Answer 9

EFFERENT/MOTOR NEURONS

Question 10

two highly specialized cells designed to receive and transmit electrical signals called NERVE IMPULSES or ACTION POTENTIAL

Answer 10

NEURONS AND GLIAL CELLS

Question 11

3 major parts of a NEURON

Answer 11

CELL BODY
DENDRITES
AXON

Question 12

part of a NEURON where the bulk of the cytoplasm and the nucleus can be seen

Answer 12

CELL BODY

Question 13

part of a NEURON that are highly branched processes specialized to receive stimuli and send signals to the cell body

Answer 13

DENDRITES

Question 14

the _________ integrates incoming signals

Answer 14

CELL BODY

Question 15

part of a NEURON that is a long cytoplasmic process that conducts nerve impulses away from the cell body to another neuron, muscle or gland

Answer 15

AXON

Question 16

the axon can divide into what

Answer 16

AXON COLLATERALS

Question 17

at its end, the axon forms many branches called ______________, the end in SYNAPTIC (AXON) TERMINALS

Answer 17

TERMINAL BRANCHES

Question 18

these release NEUROTRANSMITTERS that transmit signals from one neuron to another (or to an effector)

Answer 18

SYNAPTIC TERMINALS

Question 19

SYNAPTIC TERMINALS release these that transmit signals from one neuron to another (or to an effector)

Answer 19

NEUROTRANSMITTERS

Question 20

the junction between a synaptic terminal and another neuron or effector

Answer 20

SYNAPSE

Question 21

axons outside the CNS are surrounded by _____________, which wrap their plasma membrane into the axon, creating the MYELIN SHEATH

Answer 21

SCHWANN CELLS

Question 22

gaps in the myelin sheath or ______________ between Schwann cells are not insulated by myelin

Answer 22

NODES OF RANVIER