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Biology > Nervous Systems > Flashcards

Nervous Systems Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

What does the sensory input do?

A

Conduction of signals from sensory receptors to integration centers

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1
Q

What are the three overlapping functions of the nervous system?

A

Sensory input, integration, motor output.

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2
Q

What is the function of integration

A

Information from stimulation of the sensory receptors is interpreted and associated with responses of the body

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3
Q

Where is integration carried out?

A

Central nervous system

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4
Q

What does motor output do?

A

Conducts signals from the integration center to effector cells that actually carry out the body’s responses to stimuli

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5
Q

Signals are conducted by what?

A

Nerves

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6
Q

Where is sensory input and motor output carried out?

A

Peripheral nervous system

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7
Q

Where does the spinal cord convey information from?

A

Brain to the PNS

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8
Q

What is a reflex?

A

The body’s automatic response to a stimulus

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9
Q

What do glial cells do?

A

Provide structure and insulate neurons

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10
Q

What do sensory neurons do?

A

Detect information from the outside world or internal body conditions

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11
Q

Sensory neurons are what type of neuron?

A

Afferent

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12
Q

What do motor neurons do?

A

Send signals away from CNS to elicit response

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13
Q

Motor neurons are what type of neurons

A

Efferent

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14
Q

What is the purpose of interneurons

A

Form connections between other neurons.

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15
Q

What type of nervous system do cnidarians have?

A

Nerve net

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16
Q

What is a nerve net system

A

Neurons connect to each other in a network, activate at the same time.

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17
Q

Echinoderms have what type of nervous system

A

Nerve ring around mouth connected to larger radial nerves extending to arms

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18
Q

How does the mouth and arms operate in Echinoderms?

A

Independently of each other

19
Q

Planarians have what type of nervous system

A

Nerve cords that are connected by transverse nerves. Collection of neurons in head form cerebral ganglia

20
Q

Annelids have what type of brain?

A

Rudimentary

21
Q

Ventral nerve cords in Annelids have ganglia located where?

A

In each segment

22
Q

The brains of insects is characterized by what?

A

Several subdivisions with different functions

23
Q

What type of brain do simple mollusks have?

A

Pair of anterior ganglia with paired nerve cords

24
Q

Advanced mollusks have what type of brain?

A

Well developed with subdivisions

25
Q

Chordates have what two type of nervous systems

A

Central and peripheral

26
Q

Myelinated axons grouped together to form tracts of

A

White matter

27
Q

Neuronal cell bodies, dendrites and some unmyelinated axons form

A

Gray matter

28
Q

What are the parts of the forebrain

A

Cerebrum and the diencephalon

29
Q

The cerebrum is made up of

A

Cerebral cortex, white matter, basal nuclei

30
Q

The cerebrum contains what

A

The most advanced integrating centers. Learning, emotion, memory, perception.

31
Q

What are the three parts of the diencephalon

A

Epithalamus, thalamus, hypothalamus

32
Q

The epithalamus is made up of what

A

The pineal gland and cerebrospinal fluid

33
Q

What is the function of the thalamus

A

Main input center for sensory information and main output center for motor information

34
Q

What does the hypothalamus do?

A

Regulates homeostasis and basic survival behaviors such as feeding, fighting, flight, and reproducing. Circadian rhythm.

35
Q

What is the function of the brain stem

A

Coordinates and conducts information between brain centers

36
Q

What does the midbrain do

A

Contains centers for receipt and integration of sensory information and sends to forebrain.

37
Q

What are the parts of the hindbrain

A

Pons, medulla oblongata, cerebellum

38
Q

What does the pons do?

A

Regulates breathing centers in the medulla

39
Q

What are the functions of the medulla oblongata

A

Control breathing, cardiovascular activity, swallowing, vomiting, digestion and homeostatic processes.

40
Q

The brain stem is made up of what two sections

A

Pons, medulla oblongata

41
Q

What does the cerebellum do?

A

Controls movement and balance, helps learn and remember motor skills.

42
Q

What is the frontal lobe responsible for

A

Conscious thought and social awareness

43
Q

Parietal lobe is responsible for

A

Receives and interprets sensory input from visual pathways and somatic pathways.

44
Q

What does the occipital lobe do?

A

Vision and color recognition

45
Q

Temporal lobe does what

A

Language, hearing and some types of memory.

Biology (12 decks)

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