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Biology > Chapter 34 Vertebrates > Flashcards

Chapter 34 Vertebrates Flashcards

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0
Q

The dorsal hollow nerve cord develops into what

A

Central nervous system.

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1
Q

What is the notochord?

A

Flexible rod that supplies structural support

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2
Q

What subphylum do tunicates belong to

A

Urochordata

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3
Q

How do tunicates feed?

A

Suspension feeder

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4
Q

What is the function of the tunic in tunicates?

A

Supports and protects organs

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5
Q

What is a pyrosome

A

Colonial free floating bioluminescent tunicates

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6
Q

What chordate characteristic do urochordates have as adults?

A

Pharyngeal slits

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7
Q

What subphylum do lancelets belong to?

A

Cephalochordata

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8
Q

How do lancelets obtain their food?

A

Suspension feeding

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9
Q

How many chordate characteristics do cephalochordates have in adult stage?

A

All 4

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10
Q

Name the four chordate characteristics

A

Notochord, dorsal hollow nerve cord, pharyngeal slits, muscular post anal tail

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11
Q

What is a neural crest?

A

Mass of cells near the margins of the embryonic foods that form the neural tube

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12
Q

Name the 4 characteristics of vertebrates

A

Cephalization, vertebral column, closed circulatory system, 2 chambered heart

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13
Q

What class do hagfishes belong to?

A

Myxini

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14
Q

What is hagfishes main defense mechanism?

A

Production of slime

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15
Q

Name an example of Class Petromyzontida

A

Lampreys

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16
Q

What are the characteristics of lampreys?

A

Have a notochord, lack jaws.

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17
Q

Which evolved first? Agnathans or gnathostomes?

A

Agnathans

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18
Q

When would a Chondrichthyes organism have bones?

A

In old age when cartilage begins to ossify

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19
Q

How many chambers are in the hearts of Chondrichthyes

A

2

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20
Q

Class Chondrichthyes has 2 subclasses. Name examples of each subclass

A

Sharks, rays, skates. Chimaeras, rat fishes

21
Q

How do sharks maintain buoyancy?

A

By monitoring levels of oil in their liver.

22
Q

Sharks and fishes benefit from the lateral line system how?

A

Senses presence of other organisms nearby. Schooling fish

23
Q

Class actinopterygii includes fish with what characteristic

A

Ray finned fishes

24
Q

Name examples of class actinopterygii

A

Bass, trout, perch, tuna.

25
Q

What characteristic is class sarcopterygii known for?

A

Lobe finned fishes.

26
Q

What is an example of order actinistia?

A

Coelacanths.

27
Q

What is an example of order dipnoi?

A

Lungfishes

28
Q

What class to orders actinistia and dipnoi belong to?

A

Sarcopterygii

29
Q

What does the word tetrapoda mean?

A

Four footed

30
Q

What were the first land vertebrates

A

Amphibians.

31
Q

How many chambers do amphibians have in their heart

A

Three

32
Q

What is an example of order Caudata?

A

Salamanders

33
Q

Order salienta include what animals?

A

Frogs and toads.

34
Q

Caecilians belong to what order?

A

Gymnophiona

35
Q

What purpose does the amnion serve?

A

Protects embryo in amniotic cavity

36
Q

What does the allantois contain

A

Waste products from the embryo

37
Q

What does the chorion do?

A

Allows gas exchange

38
Q

How do reptiles exchange gases?

A

Mostly through lungs

39
Q

How many chambers do most reptiles have in their hearts

A

Three

40
Q

How do most reptiles bear young?

A

Oviparous

41
Q

How many chambers are in the hearts of members of order crocodilia

A

Four

42
Q

Name examples of order testudines

A

Turtles

43
Q

Name examples of order sphenodontia

A

Tuataras

44
Q

Name examples of order Squamata

A

Snakes and lizards

45
Q

Class aves has what two orders?

A

Carinates- flight birds. Struthioniformes. Flightless birds

46
Q

Class aves has a __ chambered heart

A

Four

47
Q

How many chambers do mammals have in their heart

A

Four

48
Q

What benefit does the diaphragm have?

A

Helps to ventilate the lungs

49
Q

What are monotremes?

A

Egg laying mammals

50
Q

What is the difference between homodons and heterodons

A

Homodons have all the same type of teeth. Heterodons have separate types

51
Q

What are eutherians

A

The placental mammals. Most typical mammals.

Biology (12 decks)

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