nervous system: intro

Question 1

what are the 3 general functions of the nervous system

Answer 1

• collect information
• process and evaluate information
• initiate response to information

Question 2

how does the nervous system collect information

Answer 2

using receptors which are specialized structures which detect stimuli

Question 3

how does the nervous system process and evaluate information

Answer 3

the brain and spinal cord determine what response, if needed

Question 4

how does the nervous system initiate response to information

Answer 4

the brain and spinal cord initiate a response as motor information is relayed to effectors

Question 5

what do effectors include

Answer 5

• all 3 types of muscle tissue

- glands

Question 6

what are the 2 structural classifications of the nervous system

Answer 6

• central nervous system (CNS)

- peripheral nervous system (PNS)

Question 7

what structures compose the central nervous system

Answer 7

• brain

- skull

Question 8

what structures compose the peripheral nervous system

Answer 8

• nerves

- ganglia

Question 9

what are nerves

Answer 9

bundles of axon within the PNS

Question 10

what are ganglia

Answer 10

clusters of neuron cell bodies located along the nerves in the PNS

Question 11

what are the 2 functional divisions of the nervous system

Answer 11

• sensory nervous system

- motor nervous system

Question 12

what is the afferent nervous system

Answer 12

sensory nervous system

Question 13

what is the sensory nervous system responsible for (2)

Answer 13

• receiving sensory information from receptors detecting stimuli
• transmitting information to CNS

Question 14

what is sensory input

Answer 14

information from receptors to the CNS

Question 15

what are the 2 subdivisions of the sensory nervous system

Answer 15

• somatic sensory

- visceral sensory

Question 16

what do the somatic sensory components detect

Answer 16

stimuli that we can consciously perceive

Question 17

what are 2 examples of receptors of the somatic sensory nervous system

Answer 17

• receptors associated with the 5 senses

- proprioreceptors in joints and muscle detcting body position

Question 18

what do the somatic sensory components detect

Answer 18

stimuli that we typically don’t consciously perceive

Question 19

what do visceral receptors detect

Answer 19

chemical composition of blood or stretch of an organ wall

Question 20

what is the efferent nervous system

Answer 20

motor nervous system

Question 21

what does the efferent nervous system control

Answer 21

effectors

Question 22

what is the efferent system responsible for

Answer 22

initiating and transmitting motor information from the CNS to the effectors

Question 23

what is information from the CNS to effectors called

Answer 23

motor output

Question 24

what are the 2 subdivisions of the motor nervous system

Answer 24

• somatic

- autonomic

Question 25

which subdivision of the motor nervous system can be controlled consciously

Answer 25

somatic motor

Question 26

what are the 2 subdivisions of the autonomic motor nervous system

Answer 26

• sympathetic

- parasympathetic

Question 27

what are the 3 connective tissue layers of a nerve and what connective tissue are they made of

Answer 27

• epineurium: dense irregular
• perineurium: dense irregular
• endoneurium: areolar

Question 28

what is the structural classification of nerves based upon

Answer 28

the CNS component from which the nerve extends

• brain: cranial nerves
• spine: spinal nerves

Question 29

what are the 3 functional classifications of nerves

Answer 29

• sensory nerves
• motor nerves
• mixed nerves: contain both sensory and motor nerves

Question 30

what nerves are mixed nerves

Answer 30

most nerves

• all spinal nerves
• most cranial nerves