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Psychology > Nervous system functions > Flashcards

Nervous system functions Flashcards

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1
Q

Central nervous system

A

the brain and spial cord - carries messages to and from peripheral NS

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2
Q

Brain

A

responsible for almost everything we think, feel and do

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2
Q
A
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2
Q

Peripheral nervous system

A

entire network of nerves located outside the central nervous system - carries information to and from the central nervous sytem - via somatic and automatic - subdivisons

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2
Q

Autonomic nervous system

A

slef regulating subdiviosn of peripheral NS that connects the central NS to the body’s internal organs (liver,kidney) and glands, providing feedback to the braina bout activities

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2
Q

Somatic nervous system

A

subdivsion of peripheral NS that carries sensory information to the central NS and recives motor information from it

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2
Q

Spinal Cord

A

connects brain and peripheral NS and initaites spinal reflex

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2
Q

Sympathetic nervous system

A

prepares body for action. a subdivison of autonomic NS. Activates internal muscles, organs and glands to prepare for extream actiity ot deal with stress, fear, threat or emergency

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2
Q

Parasympathetic nervous system

A

subdivision of automatic NS that helps to maintain the internal body to a steady and balaced state of normal function

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2
Q

Sensory neuron

A

recieves and carries sensory information from both the xternal and internal environments and transmist to the central NS

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2
Q

Interneuron

A

carries messages bewteen sensory and motor neurons within central NS

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2
Q

Motor neuron

A

carries messages from the central NS to cells in skeletal muscles, organs and glands to stimulate actvities

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2
Q

Conscious response

A

a reaction to a sensory stimulus that involves awareness, voluntary and goal directed and have some control over it

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2
Q

Unconsciousness repsonse

A

a reaction to a sensory stimulus that does not involve awareness, involuntary and we can not originally control it occurance

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3
Q

Spinal reflex

A

an unconscious, involuntarily and automatically occuring response to a certain stimuli initiated within the spinal cord without involvement of the brain

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3
Q

Neuron

A

inidividual nerve cell that recieve, process and transmit information

3
Q

Dendrites

A

an extention of neuron that detects and recieves information from other neurons

3
Q

Axon

A

a single tubelike extention that transmits neural information to other neurons (or cells in muscles and glands)

3
Q

Myeline

A

surrounds and protecst the axon

3
Q

Axon terminals

A

structure at the end of axon

3
Q

Glutamate

A

primary excitory neurotranmitter finvolved in cognitive functions and makes postsynaptic neuron more likely to pass throuigh importnat messages

3
Q

GABA

A

primary inhivitory neurontranmitter, makes postsynaptic neauron less likely to pass through important messages

3
Q

Excitatory

A

neurotranmitter that increases the likhood the postsynaptic neuron will pass message

3
Q

Inibitory

A

any neurontransmitter trhat decreases the likihood of a postsynaptic neuron to pass message (due to not being significantly important)

3
Q

Agonist

A

works to increase efficiency of the realse of neurontransmitter (improve effectiveness)

3
Q

Antagonist

A

works to decrease the relase of neurontransmitter or block receptor sites

3
Q

Neuronmodelator

A

neurotransmitters that infleunce the effect of other neurotransmtters - resposible of human behvauours (sleep, pain , motivation)

E.g dopamine, serotonin

3
Q

Neurotransmitter

A

chemicals substances produce by a nueron that carries messages to other neurons or cells in muscles, glands, tissues

E.g Glutamate, GABA

3
Q

Dopamine

A

neurontranmitter or neuromodulator with functions such as coordinating movement, learning and rewarding behaviours

3
Q

Serotinin

A

neurotransmitter or neuromodulator with function such as emotional processing, mood

3
Q

Synaptic plasticity

A

the ability of a synapse to chnage in response to experience

E.g girl getting half of her brain removed (synaotic plasticity helps adapt to change)

3
Q

Spourting (DENTRITES)

A

the creation of new extensions on a neuron to allow it to make new and better connections with other neurons

3
Q

Rerouting

A

rerouting is when new connections are made between neurons to create alternate neural pathways

4
Q

Synaptic Pruning

A

the elimination of weak, ineffective and unsed synapeses

4
Q

Adaptive plasticity

A

nueron pathways ability ti change in resoonse to injury

5
Q

Long term pontentiation

A

long lasting enhancement of synaptic connection due to repated stimulation

5
Q

Long term depression

A

Long lasting decrease in the strength of synaptic connections and transmiisiona and neural response

Psychology (8 decks)

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