Nervous System Anatomy

Question 1

The largest division of the brain is the

Answer 1

cerebrum

Question 2

The surface of the cerebrum is called the

Answer 2

cortex

Question 3

The small winding grooves on the surface of the brain are called

Answer 3

sulci

Question 4

How many lobes is the cerebral cortex divided into?

Answer 4

4

Question 5

The function of the primary motor cortex is to control

Answer 5

movement of the body

Question 6

Broca’s area is mainly involved in

Answer 6

speech production

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the main functions of the prefrontal cortex?

Answer 7

personality, short-term memory, and consciousness

Question 8

A patient with Broca’s Aphasia would present with which of the following symptoms?

Answer 8

an inability to speak coherently

Question 9

The ability to sense the position of your body parts in space without having to look at them (ex. looking at the ball when swinging a bat instead of having to look at your arms) is called

Answer 9

Proprioception

Question 10

Which part of the parietal lobe is responsible for processing your sense of touch?

Answer 10

Primary Somatosensory Cortex

Question 11

The Primary Gustatory Cortex processes the sense of

Answer 11

taste

Question 12

The primary function of the Occipital Lobe is taking in and processing

Answer 12

vision

Question 13

Which part of the temporal lobe is responsible for processing your sense of hearing?

Answer 13

Primary Auditory Cortex

Question 14

The primary subcortical location for the production of ACH in the brain, which is important in overall activity of the cortex and attention to stimuli is/are the

Answer 14

basal forebrain

Question 15

A major subcortical part of the limbic system that contributes to emotional responses and assists in long-term memory formation is/are the:

Answer 15

hippocampus and amygdala

Question 16

Although it also has roles in things like emotions and behavior, the major function of the basal nucleus (aka basal ganglia) is

Answer 16

allowing, blocking, and learning movements

Question 17

The part of the brain that connects the limbic system (emotions) to the rest of the brain is the

Answer 17

epithalamus

Question 18

The part of the brain that essentially acts as a relay station to process and send sensory information to the correct locations in the brain is the

Answer 18

thalamus

Question 19

The part of the brain that indirectly controls the endocrine system by controlling the pituitary gland is the

Answer 19

hypothalamus

Question 20

The main connection between the brain stem and the cerebellum is the

Answer 20

pons

Question 21

Which of the following brain structures, which gets impaired in heroine and morphine overdoses, has the most direct control over involuntary functions of the body, such as breathing, heart rate, blood pressure, and vomiting?

Answer 21

medulla oblongata

Question 22

Ataxic gait is often mistaken for drunkenness. What part of the brain is affected to cause this difficulty balancing when walking?

Answer 22

cerebellum

Question 23

You hear a bird chirping and can visualize that the sound is coming from above you. Which part of the brain is responsible for this ability to visualize where a sound is coming from?

Answer 23

midbrain

Question 24

The part of the CNS that acts like a large cluster of wires connecting sensory input from and motor output to the body is the

Answer 24

spinal cord

Question 25

A group of neuron cell bodies in the PNS is called a

Answer 25

ganglion

Question 26

The perineurium of a nerve is a connective tissue layer that surrounds

Answer 26

a fascicle of neurons

Question 27

Sympathetic ganglia are generally located near the _____________, while parasympathetic ganglia are usually located near the _____________.

Answer 27

vertebral column; organs they regulate

Question 28

A signal to speed up heart rate and respiratory rate would most likely pass through ____________

Answer 28

sympathetic chain ganglia

Question 29

A signal to slow down heart rate and respiratory rate would most likely pass through ____________

Answer 29

terminal ganglia

Question 30

Which of the following signals would pass through the DORSAL ROOT of a spinal nerve.

Answer 30

the sensation of a cotton swab rubbing against the arm

Question 31

An impairment of the ability to move extrinsic (external) muscles of the eye could result from damage to any of the following craninal nerves EXCEPT

Answer 31

olfactory

Question 32

Difficulty in feeling your face could result from damage to which of the following cranial nerves?

Answer 32

trigeminal

Question 33

Damage to the optic nerve could most directly result in which of the following?

Answer 33

blindness

Question 34

Which of the following could result in a person looking “cross-eyed” in only 1 eye?

Answer 34

cranial nerve VI palsy

Question 35

Which of the following cranial nerves is a mixed nerve?

Answer 35

CN V (Trigeminal)

Question 36

Which of the cranial nerves extends from the brain stem to the abdomen and is responsible for aiding in involuntary functions in thoracic and abdominal organs required to maintain homeostasis?

Answer 36

vagus

Question 37

Difficulty balancing or hearing could result from damage to the ____________ nerve.

Answer 37

vestibulocochlear

Question 38

Difficulty in making facial expressions could result from damage to which of the following cranial nerves?

Answer 38

facial

Question 39

Damage to all of the following could affect movement of the mouth or tongue EXCEPT

Answer 39

vagus

Question 40

Some of the neck muscles receive motor signals from the ____________ nerve.

Answer 40

accessory

Question 41

Damage to the brachial plexus could cause numbness and/or weakness to which part of the body?

Answer 41

arm

Question 42

The intercostal nerves arise from fibers coming from spinal nerves in the ____________ region.

Answer 42

thoracic

Question 43

Which of the following sends out the phrenic nerve to the diaphragm?

Answer 43

cervical plexus

Question 44

Sciatica is a condition in which patients may experience pain and numbness in the back and leg due to compression or inflammation of the sciatic nerve. From which nerve plexus does the sciatic nerve arise?

Answer 44

sacral plexus