Nervous system

Question 1

nervous system

Answer 1

The body system that collects, processes, and responds to information using electrical signals

Question 2

glial cell

Answer 2

The body system that collects, processes, and responds to information using electrical signals

Question 3

Part of the nervous system containing associated nerves that are not part of the brain or spinal cord

Answer 3

peripheral nervous system

Question 4

endocrine system

Answer 4

The body system that regulates cells and organs using chemical substances called hormones

Question 5

hormone

Answer 5

Chemical messenger that acts as a regulatory substance

Question 6

gland

Answer 6

Organ that secretes chemical substances, such as hormones

Question 7

sensory neurons

Answer 7

carry impulses from sense organs, such as the eyes or ears

Question 8

neural impulses

Answer 8

electrical signals that allow neurons to communicate with each other

Question 9

motor neurons

Answer 9

carry impulses to muscles and glands

Question 10

Reiz

Answer 10

stimulus

Question 11

interneurons/ relay neuron

Answer 11

transfer signals between sensory and motor neurons, as well as in between other interneurons
found in CNS

Question 12

nerv

Answer 12

bundle of neurons

Question 13

receptors

Answer 13

detect a change in the environment and stimulate electrical impulses in response

Question 14

what do dendrites do?

Answer 14

connect to other neurons

Question 15

why are axons so long?

Answer 15

no time wasted for transferring signal from one neuron to the other

Question 16

why does the electrical signal jump over myelin sheath

Answer 16

faster travel –> signal weakens slower

Question 17

do neuron touch each other

Answer 17

no, they are “connected” by synapses

Question 18

neurotransmitters

Answer 18

chemical messengers

Question 19

synaptischer spalt

Answer 19

synaptic cleft

Question 20

order neuronal response

Answer 20

stimulus –> receptors –> CNS —> effectors —> response

Question 21

transducers

Answer 21

something that converts one form of energy into another

Question 22

excitatory synapse

Answer 22

neurotransmitters depolarize postsynaptic membrane

–>action potential in neuron 2 fired

Question 23

inhibitory synapse

Answer 23

neurotransmitters hyperpolarise membrane

• -> potential difference more negativ
• -> preventing action potential in neuron 2

Question 24

depolarization

Answer 24

nt bind to receptors

• -> sodium-ion-channels open
• -> sodium influx into cell

Question 25

where can drugs intervene in the neuronal system

Answer 25

only in the transmission of impulses at the synapses –> only part where messages are chemical

Question 26

synaptic divergence

Answer 26

one neuron connects to many neurons –> information travels to different parts of the body

Question 27

synaptic convergence

Answer 27

many neurons connect to one –> information amplified

Question 28

why do impulses only travel one way across the synapse?

Answer 28

because receptors are only on one side

Question 29

summation

Answer 29

combination of the effect of neurotransmitters

Question 30

does spatial summation always cause an action potential?

Answer 30

no because some neurotransmitters could be inhibitory

Question 31

spatial summation

Answer 31

synaptic convergence

Question 32

temporal summation

Answer 32

several impulses at the same presynaptic membrane in quick succession –> more nt

Question 33

The spinal cord and the spinal nerves are part of which divisions of the nervous system?

Answer 33

spinal cord: CNS

spinal nerves: peripheral nervous system