communication and homeostasis

Question 1

stimulus

Answer 1

change in environment

Question 2

gland

Answer 2

Drüse

Question 3

homeostasis

Answer 3

maintenance of constant internal environment

Question 4

how is the enzyme activity influenced if temperature is too high?

Answer 4

enzymes denature

Question 5

how is the enzyme activity influences if temperature is too low?

Answer 5

rate of metabolic reactions slowed down

Question 6

what are the main factors that have to be controlled by homeostasis ?

Answer 6

glucose level in the blood & temperature

Question 7

is positive feedback involved in homeostasis?

Answer 7

no, only negative feedback, cause positive feedback amplifies change

Question 8

example where positive feedback needed

Answer 8

building of blood clot

• -> platelets activate other platelets until blood clot done
• -> than negative feedback

Question 9

cell signaling

Answer 9

communication between cells

Question 10

communication between adjacent cells

Answer 10

nervous system

Question 11

communication between distant cells

Answer 11

hormonal system

Question 12

wechselwarme Tiere

Answer 12

ectotherms

Question 13

gleichwarme Tiere

Answer 13

endotherms

Question 14

mechanisms to increase body temperature

Answer 14

insulation air layer between hairs
shivering
adrenaline and thyroxine released
vasoconstriction

Question 15

glycogenesis

Answer 15

forming of glycogen from glucose

Question 16

genesis

Answer 16

making

Question 17

lysis

Answer 17

splitting

Question 18

hepatocytes

Answer 18

liver cells

Question 19

glycogenolysis

Answer 19

process of breaking down glycogen

Question 20

neoglucogenesis

Answer 20

forming glucose from non-carbohydrates

Question 21

how does insulin influence the blood glucose level?

Answer 21

• binds to receptors on liver & muscle cells
• increases permeability to glucose of cell membrane
• activates enzymes –> convert glucose into glycogen
• increases respiration in muscle cells

Question 22

how does glucagon influence the blood glucose level?

Answer 22

• binds to receptors on liver cells
• activates enzymes –> breakdown of glycogen
• promotes neoglucogenesis
• decreases rate of respiration

Question 23

osmoregulation

Answer 23

control of water levels and mineral ions (salt) in the blood

Question 24

anti-diuretic hormone

Answer 24

causes kidney tubules to become more permeable

Question 25

how does a condition that makes the homeostatic system less responsive affect a homeostatic response?

Answer 25

threshold to respond to a change in the environment is higher –> it has to be more wrong in order that something responds

time of the actual response is not affected though