digestive system Flashcards
salivary glands
Speicheldrüse, produce saliva containing amylose
oesophagus
muscular tube which moves ingested food to the stomach
–> doesn’t rely on gravity
pancreas
produces digestive enzymes
liver
produces bile
gall bladder
stores bile before releasing it into the duodenum
duodenum
food mixed with digestive enzymes and bile
ileum
digested food absorbed into the blood and lymph
colon
water absorbed
rectum
faeces stored
anus
faeces leaves alimentary canal
mouth
mechanical digestion
stomach
food mechanically digested
protease enzymes digest chemically
hydrochloric acid kills bacteria & provides pH for proteases
peristalsis
contraction of two sets of muscles in the gut
Where does most of the chemical digestion of food occur?
small intestine
Does the rectum absorb water?
Yes (still part of colon)
caecum
Blinddarm
What are the main functions of the liver?
- breaks down hormones
- removes glucose from the blood through hormone insulin
- synthesise cholesterol (–> stability of cell membranes)
- bile production
- detoxification
- storage of vitamins
- fat metabolism
- breakdown of hemoglobin (Kuppfer cells)
What are sinusoids?
special capillaries in the liver –> combines bile duct, oxygen-rich blood from hepatic artery with nutrient-rich blood from portal vein (comes from intestine)
