Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

EMS VTCTA > Nervous system > Flashcards

Nervous system Flashcards

1
Q

The main parts of a neuron?

A

Dendrites, Body, and Axon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Describe the path sensory neurons take?

A

From the body towards the CNS, afferent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Describe the path motor neurons take?

A

Away from the CNS towards the body, efferent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What do interneurons do?

A

Connects impulses from sensory to motor neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What does the axon do?

A

Processes that transmit impulses away from the neuron cell body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what do dendrites do?

A

processes or projections that transmit impulses to the neuron cell bodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the node of ranvier?

A

periodic gap in the insulating sheath (myelin) on the axon of certain neurons that serves to facilitate the rapid conduction of nerve impulses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the myelin sheath?

A

white fatty substance formed by Schwann cells. It is an insulating layer that allows electrical impulses to transmit quickly and efficiently along the nerve cells. Play vital role in maintaining the peripheral nervous system.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is Neurilemma?

A

(Sheath of Schwann cell) Only available in the PNS neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are schwann cells?

A

Glia cell that produces myelin in the peripheral nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is and function of astrocytes?

A

Glia cells that are apart of homeostasis and blood brain barrier; doesn’t allow toxins to enter brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is and function of oligodendrocyte?

A

Glia cell that produces myelin in the central nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is and function of microglial cell?

A

Regulates brain development, maintenance of neural network; injury repair

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are nerves?

A

a collection of nerve fibers (axons) in the peripheral nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are tracts?

A

a collection of nerve fibers (axons) in the central nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is white matter?

A

Tissue composed primarily of myelinated exons (nerves and tracts)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is grey matter?

A

Tissue composed primarily of cell bodies and unmyelinated fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What do ascending tracts do?

A

conduct sensory impulses to the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What do descending tracts do?

A

conduct motor impulses from the brain to motor neurons reaching muscles and glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the resting potential of a cell?

A

Outside:+ more sodium (Na)
Inside:- more potassium (K)

21
Q

What is depolarization?

A

When sodium floods into the cell

22
Q

What is the action potential?

A

Outside:- more potassium (K)
Inside:+ more sodium (Na)

23
Q

What is repolarization?

A

When the potassium floods outside the cell

24
Q

In an unmyelinated fiber, describe the electrical current?

A

A nerve impulse (action potential) is a self-propagating wave of electrical disturbance.

25
Q

What is saltatory conduction?

A

In a myelinated fiber, the action potential “jumps” around the insulating myelin in a rapid type of conduction

26
Q

Benefits of saltatory conduction?

A

Increases rate of action potential

increases impulse speed

conserves energy, as depolarization only occurs at the nodes of ranvier

27
Q

What is a synapse?

A

a place where impulses are transmitted

28
Q

Describe chemical synapse?

A

The vesicle fuses with the cell membrane and opens up. released from axon terminals (of a presynaptic neuron) into a synaptic cleft. Neurotransmitters bind to receptors on the postsynaptic neuron.

29
Q

Describe electrical synapse?

A

When the plasma membrane of
two neurons are fused by gap junction (protein/connexins). allowing the action potential to pass through.

30
Q

What does the medulla oblongata allow?

A

Breathing, swallowing, heart rate, blood pressure, it connects the brain to the spinal cord

31
Q

What does the pons allow?

A

Sleep and arousal, dreams, facial expressions, breathing

32
Q

What does the midbrain do?

A
33
Q

All parts of the brainstem?

A

Medulla oblongata, pons, and midbrain

34
Q

The outer part of the spinal cord Is composed of…?

A

White matter made up of many bundles of exons called tracts.

35
Q

The interior part of the spinal cord Is composed of…?

A

gray matter made up mainly of neurons dendrites and cell bodies

36
Q

Covering of the brain?

A

Cranial bones and cerebral meninges

37
Q

Covering of the spinal cord?

A

Vertebrae and spinal meninges

38
Q

Layers of the menninges?

A

Pia mater (inner)

Arachnoid mater (middle)

Dura matter (outer)

39
Q

Fluid spaces?

A

Subarachnoid spaces of meninges

Central canal inside cord

Ventricles in the brain

40
Q

Central nervous system?

A

Brain and spinal cord; responsible for sensory activities

41
Q

Peripheral nervous system?

A

Cranial and spinal nerves; brings messages to and from the CNS to the rest of the body

42
Q

Somatic nervous system?

A

From the peripheral nervous system. Responsible for voluntary movements (muscle movements)

43
Q

Autonomic nervous system?

A

From the peripheral nervous system. Responsible for involuntary actions (heart beat, pupil dilation, etc…)

44
Q

Sympathetic nervous system?

A

First from the peripheral nervous system and secondly from Autonomic nervous system. Responsible for fight or flight response.

45
Q

Parasympathetic nervous system

A

First from the peripheral nervous system and secondly from Autonomic nervous system. Responsible for rest and relax actions (digestion, etc…)

46
Q

The list of systems of the nervous system.

A

The central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system

Peripheral nervous system –> somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system

autonomic nervous system –> sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system

47
Q

Cranial nerves?

A
  1. Only = Olfactory
  2. One = Optic
  3. Of - Oculomotor
  4. The = Trochlear
  5. Two = Trigeminal
  6. Athletes - Abducens
  7. Felt - Facial
  8. Very = Vestibulocochiear
  9. Good = Glossopharyngeal
  10. Victorious = Vagus
  11. And = Accessory
  12. Healthy = Hypoglossal
48
Q

Cranial nerve function?

A

conducts impulses between the brain and structures in the head
and neck and in the thoracic and abdominal cavities

EMS VTCTA (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions