CERT unit 3 Flashcards
How much blood does the average person have?
5 Liters
Stage 1 of severe bleeding?
*Blood loss: less than 15%
*BP: Normal
*HR: less than 100
*Breath rate:14-20
*Patient appears normal
Stage 2 of severe bleeding?
*Blood loss 15-30%
*BP: Slightly low
*HR: more than 100
*Breath rate:20-30
*Patient may feel anxious
Stage 3 of severe bleeding?
*Blood loss 30-40%
*BP: Low
*HR: more than 120
Breath rate: 30-40
Patient may feel confused
Stage 4 of severe bleeding?
*Blood loss greater than 40%
*BP: Critical
*HR: more than 120
Breath rate: greater than 35
pateint feels lathargic
Describe arterial bleeding
Bleeding will spurt
Describe venous bleeding
Bleeding will flow
Describe capillary bleeding
Bleeding will ooze
What is the tripod position?
A position (CONSCIOUS) patients may take to open their airway effectivly, hands on knees, legs shoulder length apart, and leaning forward
Superficial burn classification; include the signs and symptoms the patient may show
Affects the epidermis, symptoms include reddened dry skin, pain, and possible swelling
Partial thickness burn classification; include the signs and symptoms the patient may show
Affects the epidermis and partially affects the dermis; reddened blistered skin, wet appearance, pain, and possible swelling
Full thickness burn classification; include the signs and symptoms the patient may show
Affects the epidermis and completely the dermis and possibly affects the hypodermis (subcutaneous layer) ; whitened, leathery, or charred (brown or black)
What is an open fracture?
When the bone is protruding through the skin
What is a closed fracture?
When the bone does not puncture the skin
What is an displaced fracture?
When the bone is no longer aligned
What is an non displaced fracture?
When the bone remains aligned
What is a dislocation?
When a ligament injury allows for separation of the bone from its normal position at the joint
What is a sprain?
Stretching or tearing of a ligament
What is the difference between hypothermia and frostbite?
Hypothermia is a condition when your body’s temperature drops below normal but frostbite is when the extreme cold shuts down blood flow to the extremity, leading to tissue death
What body temp must you be under to be hypothermic?
95 F or 37 C
What are heat cramps?
muscle spasms due to over exertion in extreme heat
What is heat exhaustion?
Loss of body fluids leads to the body sending more blood flow to the skin and less to the vital organs, causing mild shock
What is heat stroke?
The patient’s temp control system shuts down, allowing for body temp to raise and possibly leading to brain damage and death
