nervous system

Question 1

CNS vs PNS

Answer 1

CNS: only transmits, integrates and processes information of the brain and spinal cord
PNS: everything else

Question 2

what is a ganglia

Answer 2

collection of cell bodies

Question 3

define neuroglia

Answer 3

supporting cell, protects neuron, phagocytic roll

Question 4

neuroglia cell found in CNS (astrocytes)

Answer 4

-provide structural support
-maintain blood brain barriers
-regulate ion, nutrient and dissolved gas concentrations
-absorbs and recycles neurotransmitters
-form scar tissues after injury

Question 5

neuroglia cell found in CNS oligodendrocytes

Answer 5

-myelinate CNS axons
-provide structural framework

Question 6

neuroglia cell found in CNS microglia

Answer 6

-remove cell debris, wastes and pathogens by phagocytosis

Question 7

neuroglia cell found in CNS (ependymal cells)

Answer 7

-line ventricles (brain and central canal (spinal cord)
-assist in producing, circulating and monitoring cerebrospinal fluid

Question 8

neuroglia cells in the PNS (satellite cell)

Answer 8

-surround neuron cell bodies in ganglia
-regulate o2, co2, nutrient, and neurotransmitter levels around neuron in ganglia

Question 9

neuroglia cells in pns (Schwann cells)

Answer 9

• surround all axons in pns
  -myelinate peripheral axons
  -participate in repair process after injury

Question 10

nerve vs. neuron

Answer 10

nerve= bundles of axons of many neuron
neuron= cell of the nervous system that transmits info

Question 11

nuclei bs. ganglion

Answer 11

nuclei= group of neuron cell bodies in cns
ganglion= group of neuron cell bodies in pns

Question 12

white vs gray matter

Answer 12

white= myelinate axons
gray= cell bodies

Question 13

what is a synapse

Answer 13

• junction btwn a neuron and another cell allowing the transfer of info

Question 14

what is the name of the synapse btwn a motor neuron and skeletal m

Answer 14

neuromuscular junction

Question 15

2 major types of synapses

Answer 15

1) chemical synapse: synaptic vesicles relay impulse, impulse conveyed in 1 direction
2) electrical synapse: linked to postsynaptic cell by gap junctions, impulse conveyed in an direction

Question 16

motor vs sensory neuron

Answer 16

motor-> muscles/ glands in order to move and function
sensory-> brain to help touch, taste, smell and see

Question 17

efferent vs afferent fibres

Answer 17

afferent: arrives to CNS
efferent: exit CNS

Question 18

interneuron

Answer 18

neuron found in CNS (brain and spinal cord), transfer info btwn sensory + motor neuron

Question 19

somatic vs autonomic nervous system

Answer 19

somatic- somatic effectors ( skeletal muscle)
autonomic- visceral effectors ( smooth m, cardiac m and glands)