lower limb skeleton and joints

Question 1

what joints are a part of the pelvic girdle?

Answer 1

sacroiliac joint and pubic symphysis

Question 2

3 bones that make up the pelvic bone and what does it fuse to form

Answer 2

-ilium, ischium and pubis
-fuse to form the coxal bone

Question 3

pubic symphysis

Answer 3

-connection of the right and left pubic bones
-amphiarthrotic cartilaginous symphysis joint

Question 4

sacroiliac joint

Answer 4

-connection between the acial skeleton and pelvis
-diarthrotic synovial monaxial gliding joint
-take the load off of the upper body to the axial skeleton and lower body

Question 5

hip joint

Answer 5

• triaxial ball and socket synovial joint
  -connects the pelvic girdle and lower limbs

Question 6

what soft tissues provide stability for the hip joint (anterior)

Answer 6

-iliofemoral ligament (strongest in body). Prevents excessive extension
-pubofemoral ligament. prevents excessive extension and abduction

Question 7

soft tissue that provides stability for the hip joint (posterior)

Answer 7

-ischiofemoral ligament. prevents excessive extension and medial rotation

Question 8

what the the ligament of the head of femur called

Answer 8

ligamentum teres
-minimal role in joint stabilization
-found within articular capsule
-provides structural support to blood vessels

Question 9

what type of joint is the knee joint and the movements

Answer 9

diarthrotic synovial biaxial modified hinge join
-mostly flexion and extension
- a little bit of medial and lateral rotation

Question 10

what position are collateral ligaments the tightest?

Answer 10

knee is in flexion

Question 11

what is ACL( anterior cruciate ligament) and PCL (posterior cruciate ligaments) tightest?

Answer 11

acl- extension, stops tibia from moving forward
pcl- flexion, stopes tibia from moving back

Question 12

valgus vs varus

Answer 12

valgus- lateral -> medial
varus- medial->lateral

Question 13

ankle joint (what type and what forms it) and the movement

Answer 13

monaxial hinge joint therefore allowing plantarflexion and dorsiflexion
-formed by joints of the tibia, fibula and talus

Question 14

how does the articulation of the tibia/ fibula with talus contribute to stability

Answer 14

creates talocrural joint
-medial and lateral malleoli stabilize this joint
the medial deltoid ligament and lateral ligs reinforce this joint

Question 15

functions of the ligaments of the ankle ( tibofibular lig and lateral lig)

Answer 15

tibiofibular- stabilize ankle joint, limited rotation of foot
lateral lig- resits inversion and limits displacement of talus

Question 16

medial ligaments of ankle

Answer 16

deltoid ligament
-rlly strong
- reinforces medial aspect of ankle joint
-stabilizes and prevent dislocation of ankle during eversion