Nervous System

Question 1

Function of nervous system

Answer 1

• Controls and coordinates voluntary and involuntary activities of the body.
• Detect, interpret and respond to internal and external stimuli.

Question 2

Frontal lobe

Answer 2

thinking, problem solving, personality, emotions

Question 3

Parietal lobe

Answer 3

sensory info from skin, perception, spelling, arithmetic

Question 4

occipital lobe

Answer 4

vision, processing colour, shape, perspective

Question 5

cerebellum

Answer 5

• receive sensory info from inner ear, eyes, muscles
• coordinate voluntary muscle movement, to maintain balance and equilibrium

Question 6

brain stem

Answer 6

contains control centres for vital body functions:
eg. swallowing, breathing, HR, BP

Question 7

temporal lobe

Answer 7

memory, language, hearing, understanding

Question 8

what is a concussion and what are the symptoms?

Answer 8

a form of mild TBI where the brain comes into contact with the cranium, caused by a direct or indirect blow to the head

Sx (depend on what part of the brain is affected): headache, confusion, dizziness, blurred vision, nausea etc

Question 9

what is a reflex arc?

Answer 9

path taken by nerve impulses in a reflex
receptor > sensory neuron > interneuron > motor neuron > effector

Question 10

describe the patellar reflex

Answer 10

receptors detect force of hammer, sensory neuron transmits signal to a motor neuron in spinal cord, activating only one synapse therefore rapid knee jerk reflex

Question 11

describe the withdrawal reflex

Answer 11

• stimulus detected by sensory receptors
• sensory neurons transmit info via sensory (afferent) pathway to spinal cord
• interneurons in spinal cord initiate involuntary motor movement
• motor neurons transmit info via motory (efferent) pathway to muscles
• muscles perform withdrawal reflex response w/o input from brain

Question 12

3 layers of protection for the brain

Answer 12

cranium
meninges
CSF

Question 13

ischaemic vs haemorrhagic stroke

Answer 13

ischaemic- blockage in blood vessels e.g. blood clot that supply brain > lack of O2

haemorrhagic- blood vessel supplying O2 to brain bursts due to high BP = bleeding in the brain

Question 14

Action potential step 1

Answer 14

Sodium outside - pos
Potassium inside - neg

Question 15

Action potential step 2

Answer 15

Nerve cell approaches -55mV (threshold), Na+ channels open.

Question 16

Action Potential step 3

Answer 16

• Depolarisation occurs and action potential is generated down axon of neuron
• the charge of each section of cell = +40mV bc Na ions rush into cell.

Question 17

Action potential step 4

Answer 17

Repolarisation occurs. Potassium channels open and potassium rushes out of the cell, causing it to become polarised.

Question 18

what 8 hormones are secreted from the pituitary gland?

Answer 18

Growth hormone, ACTH, LH, FSH, Prolactin, TSH, Oxytocin, ADH,

Question 19

What hormones are secreted from the hypothalamus?

Answer 19

CRG, GHRH,

Question 20

What hormones are secreted from the thyroid gland?

Answer 20

T3, T4, Calcitonin

Question 21

What hormones are secreted from the adrenal gland?

Answer 21

Adrenaline and noradrenaline, cortisol, aldosterone

Question 22

describe the function of the spinal cord

Answer 22

Relays incoming sensory info from body to brain

Relays outgoing motor info from brain to body