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Anatomy and Physiology. > Nervous System > Flashcards

Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

What are some of the functions of the nervous system?

A
  1. Monitoring changes
  2. Interpretation of sensory input
  3. Effects responses
  4. Homeostasis
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2
Q

What is the peripheral nervous system?

A

Consists of many nerves that branch out from CNS all over the body

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3
Q

What is the role of the PNS?

A

Relays info and messages from CNS to organs, arms, legs and fingers. This allows us to react to stimuli

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4
Q

What is the function of the PNS?

A

Controls automatic body functions such as motor movement, digestion and relay info

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5
Q

What is the somatic nervous system?

A

Guides voluntary movements and is responsible for carrying sensory and motor info to and from CNS

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6
Q

2 types of neurons in the Somatic nervous system

A
  1. Motor neurons
  2. Sensory neurons
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7
Q

What do motor neurons do?

A

Carry info from brain & spinal cord to muscle fibres

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8
Q

What are sensory neurons?

A

Carry info from nerves to CNS. Allow us to take in sensory into and send it to brain & spinal cord

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9
Q

What is the Automatic nervous system?

A

Part of the peripheral nervous system responsible for regulating involuntary body functions such as blood flow, heartbeat, digestion and breathing

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10
Q

What is the sympathetic system?

A

Regulates fight or flight response which prepares body to expend energy to respond to environmental threats. May mean speeding heart rate, boosting blood flow, activating sweat

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11
Q

What is the parasympathetic system?

A

Helps maintain normal body functions and conserve physical resources. May mean slowing heart rate to go back to normal resting state

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12
Q

What is the cerebral cortex?

A

Outer layer of brain

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13
Q

What 4 parts are there to the cerebral cortex?

A
  1. Frontal lobe
  2. Parietal lobe
  3. Temporal lobe
  4. Occipital lobe
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14
Q

What is the function of the midbrain (within brain stem)?

A

Acts as a relay station for auditory and visual info. Also controls visual and auditory systems (eye movement)

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15
Q

What is the function of the medulla (within brain stem)?

A

Located above spinal cord. Controls automatic functions such as heart rate, breathing and blood pressure

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16
Q

What is the function of the pons (within brain stem)?

A

Involved in automatic functions, e.g stimulating breathing and controlling sleep cycles

17
Q

What is the function of the cerebellum (within the brain stem)?

A

Comprised of small lobes and receives info from balance system of inner ear, sensory nerves, auditory and visual systems.

18
Q

What is the role of the thalamus?

A

Relay centre of brain. Receives impulses from sensory receptors and process info to be distributed. Also responsible for regulating consciousness and sleep

19
Q

What is the hypothalamus?

A

Vital to maintaining homeostasis. Connects CNS to endocrine system. Responsible for HR, BP, appetite, thirst, etc

20
Q

What does the interior of the spinal cord consist of?

A

Neurons, glia and blood vessels

21
Q

What is nervous tissue made up of?

A

Supporting cells & neurons

22
Q

What are supporting cells?

A

Provide protection and metabolic support

23
Q

What are neurons?

A

Transmit nerve impulses to one part of the body to another

24
Q

What is myelin?

A

Insulates the nerve and helps messages get through. Made up of protein & fatty substances

25
Q

What are dendrites?

A

Roots that branch out from cell body. Receive and process signals

26
Q

What is an axon?

A

Long, tail like structure

27
Q

What are neurotransmitters?

A

Chemical messengers which carry chemical signals from one neuron to the target cell.

28
Q

What are sensory neurons?

A

Nerve cells which are activated by sensory input from the environment

29
Q

What are motor neurons?

A

Nerve cells in brain and spinal cord that allows us to speak, swallow and breathe by sending demands

30
Q

What are relay neurons?

A

Found in brain and spinal cord, allow sensory and motor neurons to communicate

31
Q

Frontal lobe

A

Reasoning and motor skills

32
Q

Parietal lobe

A

Sensory information

33
Q

Occipital lobe

A

Visual cortex

34
Q

Temporal

A

Interpreting sounds, language and memory

Anatomy and Physiology. (11 decks)

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