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Anatomy & Physioligy > Nervous System > Flashcards

Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

Overview of the nervous system&raquo_space;>

A
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2
Q

What 2 systems have the same objective of keeping controlled conditions within limits that maintain life

A

Nervous
Endocrine

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3
Q

How does the endocrine respond ? What does it secrete into the blood ?

A

Hormones

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4
Q

What are the two main subdivisions in the nervous system ?

A

CNS & PNS

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5
Q

CNS Contains…

A

Brain &
Spinal cord

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6
Q

PNS contains 4 things. One thing is ganglia what are the other 3.
Hint: what plexus?

A

31 pairs of spinal nerves
12 pairs of cranial nerves
Enteric plexus

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7
Q

The system has 3 main functions. Sensory, motor & integrative functions.
Is the sensory (receptors) afferent which is to the brain or is it to the effectors (muscles)

A

Afferent

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8
Q

Is motor function afferent or efferent

A

Efferent

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9
Q

Motor neurons from the ANS that conduct impulses from the CNS consists of 2 branches? True or false ?
What are these two divisions ?

A

True
Parasympathetic and sympathetic

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10
Q

heat production (thermogenesis) a effect of the sympathetic division ? Tue of false ?

A

True

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11
Q

Glycogenolysis is a sympathetic bodily reaction? (Converting glycogen to glucose)

A

True/Yes

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12
Q

Relaxation of the smooth muscles of the viscera (including uterus). T or F
True or false

A

True

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13
Q

Contraction of the iris and circular muscles is an effect of the sympathetic system ? True or false ?

A

False it’s the prasympathetic system

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14
Q

The two cells a nerve is compromised of
Is it neurons only ?
Neurons and neuroglia?
Neuroglia?
Or not any of these options

A

Neurons and neuroglia

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15
Q

Can nerves divide ?

A

No

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16
Q

Some neurons initiate impulses while others act as ‘relay stations’ where impulses are passed on and sometimes redirected !
True or false ?

A

True

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17
Q

What forms the grey matter of the nervous system ?

A

Cell bodies

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18
Q

Where is the grey matter found in the body

A

Periphery of the brain 🧠 🧠 🧠
& Centre of the spinal cord !

19
Q

Groups of cell bodies are called axolemmas ? True or false

A

False they’re called nuclei

20
Q

Does the axons alone form the whoite matter? Yes or No?

A

No it’s axons and dendrites

21
Q

Outter most layer of the Schwann cell plasma membrane is called?

A

Neurilemma

22
Q

What happens when there is an exposed part of the axolemma

A

Rapid transmission of impulse

23
Q

Is the speed of a impulse fast or slow in a unmyelinated fibre?

A

Slower

24
Q

White matter is composed of myelinated or non- myelinated axons?

A

Myelinated

25
Q

Cell bodies, debdrites, unmyelinated axons, axon terminals & Neuroglia are a part of which matter grey or white?

A

Grey

26
Q

What is it known when a cell is at a depolarized state?
______potential

A

Action potential

27
Q

What happens when the action potential arrives at synapse

A

Ca2+ channels open and Ca2+ flows in!

28
Q

Name of vesicle that holds the neurotransmitter?

A

Synaptic vesicle

29
Q

What’s the synaptic cleft ?

A

Gap between pre-synaptic vesicle and post-synaptic vesicle

30
Q

When an action potential arrives what happens to the the vesicles ?

A

Open and release ms neurotransmitter

31
Q

What do inhibitory neurotransmitters do at the post - synaptic cleft?

A

Stop the action potential

32
Q

What channels open when the excitidory neurotransmitters go past & through

A

K+ and Na+ channels

33
Q

Arterial BLOOD SUPPLY OF THE BRAIN&raquo_space;>

A
34
Q

There are two pairs of arteries that are responsible for the blood supply of the brain. What are they?

A

Vertebral arteries
Internal carotid arteries

35
Q

What anatomical structure do these arteries arise through? And ascend int the …..
Hint: you can feel it & starts with C

A

The neck and ascends into the cranium !

36
Q

4 main parts of the brain?

A

Brain stem
Cerebellum
Diencephalon
Cerebrum

37
Q

What is in-between the spinal cord and diencephalon ?
Hint: it’s one of the 4 main parts of the brain.

A

Brain stem

38
Q

What does the brain stem include?

A
  • Midbrain
  • Pons
  • Medulla oblongata
39
Q

How many cranial nerves come from the brain stem

A

10 pairs

40
Q

What skeletal structure has all the nerves from the sensory and motor system going through it to the rest of the body?

A

🧠 stem.

41
Q

Does the medulla oblongata have the function/ regulation of coughing?

A

Yes
Sneezing
Hiccuping
HR

42
Q

Cerebellum:
How many hemispheres?

A

2

43
Q

What surrounds the 3 ventricle ?
Cerebellum?
Diencephalon?
Brainstem?

A

Diencephalon

44
Q

What does diencephalon contain?
Hint: thalamus.

A

Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Epithalamus

Anatomy & Physioligy (15 decks)

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