Nervous System Flashcards
Overview of the nervous system»_space;>
What 2 systems have the same objective of keeping controlled conditions within limits that maintain life
Nervous
Endocrine
How does the endocrine respond ? What does it secrete into the blood ?
Hormones
What are the two main subdivisions in the nervous system ?
CNS & PNS
CNS Contains…
Brain &
Spinal cord
PNS contains 4 things. One thing is ganglia what are the other 3.
Hint: what plexus?
31 pairs of spinal nerves
12 pairs of cranial nerves
Enteric plexus
The system has 3 main functions. Sensory, motor & integrative functions.
Is the sensory (receptors) afferent which is to the brain or is it to the effectors (muscles)
Afferent
Is motor function afferent or efferent
Efferent
Motor neurons from the ANS that conduct impulses from the CNS consists of 2 branches? True or false ?
What are these two divisions ?
True
Parasympathetic and sympathetic
heat production (thermogenesis) a effect of the sympathetic division ? Tue of false ?
True
Glycogenolysis is a sympathetic bodily reaction? (Converting glycogen to glucose)
True/Yes
Relaxation of the smooth muscles of the viscera (including uterus). T or F
True or false
True
Contraction of the iris and circular muscles is an effect of the sympathetic system ? True or false ?
False it’s the prasympathetic system
The two cells a nerve is compromised of
Is it neurons only ?
Neurons and neuroglia?
Neuroglia?
Or not any of these options
Neurons and neuroglia
Can nerves divide ?
No
Some neurons initiate impulses while others act as ‘relay stations’ where impulses are passed on and sometimes redirected !
True or false ?
True
What forms the grey matter of the nervous system ?
Cell bodies
Where is the grey matter found in the body
Periphery of the brain 🧠 🧠 🧠
& Centre of the spinal cord !
Groups of cell bodies are called axolemmas ? True or false
False they’re called nuclei
Does the axons alone form the whoite matter? Yes or No?
No it’s axons and dendrites
Outter most layer of the Schwann cell plasma membrane is called?
Neurilemma
What happens when there is an exposed part of the axolemma
Rapid transmission of impulse
Is the speed of a impulse fast or slow in a unmyelinated fibre?
Slower
White matter is composed of myelinated or non- myelinated axons?
Myelinated
Cell bodies, debdrites, unmyelinated axons, axon terminals & Neuroglia are a part of which matter grey or white?
Grey
What is it known when a cell is at a depolarized state?
______potential
Action potential
What happens when the action potential arrives at synapse
Ca2+ channels open and Ca2+ flows in!
Name of vesicle that holds the neurotransmitter?
Synaptic vesicle
What’s the synaptic cleft ?
Gap between pre-synaptic vesicle and post-synaptic vesicle
When an action potential arrives what happens to the the vesicles ?
Open and release ms neurotransmitter
What do inhibitory neurotransmitters do at the post - synaptic cleft?
Stop the action potential
What channels open when the excitidory neurotransmitters go past & through
K+ and Na+ channels
Arterial BLOOD SUPPLY OF THE BRAIN»_space;>
There are two pairs of arteries that are responsible for the blood supply of the brain. What are they?
Vertebral arteries
Internal carotid arteries
What anatomical structure do these arteries arise through? And ascend int the …..
Hint: you can feel it & starts with C
The neck and ascends into the cranium !
4 main parts of the brain?
Brain stem
Cerebellum
Diencephalon
Cerebrum
What is in-between the spinal cord and diencephalon ?
Hint: it’s one of the 4 main parts of the brain.
Brain stem
What does the brain stem include?
- Midbrain
- Pons
- Medulla oblongata
How many cranial nerves come from the brain stem
10 pairs
What skeletal structure has all the nerves from the sensory and motor system going through it to the rest of the body?
🧠 stem.
Does the medulla oblongata have the function/ regulation of coughing?
Yes
Sneezing
Hiccuping
HR
Cerebellum:
How many hemispheres?
2
What surrounds the 3 ventricle ?
Cerebellum?
Diencephalon?
Brainstem?
Diencephalon
What does diencephalon contain?
Hint: thalamus.
Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Epithalamus
