Nervous system Flashcards
Which hormones are considered organisational?
- H-Y antigen
- androgens (testosterone)
- estrogen
Which hormones are considered organisational?
- H-Y antigen
- androgens (testosterone)
- estrogen
What are the activational hormones?
- Lutenizing hormone
- follic stimulating hormone
- oxytocin
Name the key hormones released by the pituitary gland.
- H-Y antigen
- andogrens
- estrogen
- lutenizing hormone
- follicle stimulating hormone
- oxytocin
- vasopressin
- thyroid stimulating hormone
- adrenocorticoptropic hormone
Describe the stages of Non-REM sleep
Stage W (The Wake Stage): When the brain is producing more than 50% of alpha waves
Stage N1: occurs as the person is transitioning to sleep and consists of theta waves and lasts 1-7 minutes
Stage N2: characterised by theta waves and Y alternations b/w sleep spindles and K complexes. Physiological functiosn begin to slow and drip.
Stage N3: characterised by slow delta waves. Deep, restorative sleep where GH is released. This is where parasomnias occur.
Which kind of waves occur in the sleep stages?
W: alpha waves
N1: theta waves
N2: theta waves
N3: delta waves
Describe REM sleep, also known as _____.
Known as Stage R, REM sleep ocurs about 90-110 minutes after sleep onset and comprises 20-25% of sleep over one night. It’s known for paradoxical sleep which is the point of paralysis.
What is prosopagnosia?
A type of visual agnosia whre an individual cannot recognise faces, even of close family and friends.
What is agnosia?
The inability to process sensory information even though the sensory apparatus is in place.
*Usually only one sense is affected
What is Acquired Apraxia
The inability to plan and coordinate specific motor movements
What is Alexia?
The loss of the capacity to read do to an inability to comprehend words, read aloud or both.
What is phonological agraphia?
An individual cannot write due to an inability to sound out words.
What is Agraphia?
The loss of the capacity to write due to problems with:
Lanugage processing
Inability to spell
Disruption of motor functions or visualisations
What is Aphasia?
The loss of the ability ot speak or understand language, spoken or written
Specific examples incldude:
Broca’s aphasia - understands speech but struggles to speak
Wernicke’s aphasia - can speak but no longer understands how to choose words
What makes up the Forebrain?
- Diencephalon: Thalamus and hypothalamus
- Telencephalon: Limbic system, hippocampus, amygdala and cingulate gyrus