Developmental Psychology Flashcards
What is the James-Lange Theory of Emotion
Claims that bodily reactions to situations cause emotion. First are physiological responses like crying then we feel the emotion that comes with crying. We are scared because we are trembling etc.
What is the Cannon-Bard Theory of Emotion?
Also known as the emergency theory, it asserts that emotions and bodily reactions occur simultaneously. Our body is cured to react in the brain and in the body. We tremble and feel scared in response to danger.
What is the Schachter-Singer theory of emotion?
Asserts that emotions are the product of physiological reactions. But claims that cognition are the missing link in the chain. The cognition we attach to a situation determines which emotion we feel in response to physiological arousal. When something causes us to tremble, we feel an emotion depending on the ideas we have about what emotion fits the situation.
Explain the Maturational developmental theory and who created it.
Arnold Gessell believed that nature provided the blue print but nurture filled in the details. He found there are four predetermined developmental sequences - 1) motor; 2) adaptive (cognitive); 3) language; 4) personal/social behavior
Who is the founder of ethology?
Lorenz
Who shared a nobel prize for ethology?
Lorenz, Tinbergen and von Frisch
What are Fixed Action Patterns?
instinctual, complex chains of behaviours triggered by releasing stimul.
Four defining characteristics:
1. Uniform
2. Performed by most members
3. Complex
4. Cannot be interrupted
What is Karl von Frisch famous for studying/discovering?
Discovered that honeybees communicate through dancing.
He also studied the senses of fish.
Who coined the term fight or flight and proposed the idea of homeostasis?
Watler Cannon
What are the four types of reproductive isolating mechanisms and what are they used for?
to prevent interbreeding
- Behavioural isolation
- Geographical isolation
- Mechanical isolation
- Isolation by season
What is sexual dimorphism?
refers to the sexual structural differences between the sexes.
Who developed Maturational Developmental Theory and what did it assert?
- Arnold Gesell
- That nature provides a ‘blue print’ for development and that all children go through four areas of development:
motor
adaptive (cognitive)
language
personal/social behavior
Who was the first person to show that contact comfort was necessary for the formation of the mother-infant bond?
Harry Harlow
